pulmonary nodules + edema

what is pulmonary edema

fluid in the extravascular pulmonary tissues

what is the most common cause of pulmonary edema

left sided heart failure, back up of the. pulmonary venous system. the ventricle cannot pump enough to match the venous return rate

what is the RA of the pulmonary edema?

transudation of the interstitial space of lungs

what does transudation mean

abnormal flow of liquids due tot eh difference in osmiotic pressures

what is usually seen with cardiac pulmonary edema

cardiomegaly

what is non cardiac pulmonary edema

cardiac pulmonary edema with a regular heart size

what is this

pulmonary edema

what is considered a abnormally large heart

if the heart is 50% more than the size of the thorax

what is this

cardiomegaly

what is the treatment for pulmonary edema?

how is pulmonary edema different from pleural effusion?

what is a pulmonary nodule?

benign granuloma or neoplasm and can be found any where in the lungs

how can you tell from a benign or malignant pulmonary nodule

benign tumours have smooth contours and malignant tumours have a irregular appearance

what is the RA of pulmonary nodules

dense popcorn like calcification

what is the best modality to kiij at pulmonary nodules

CT

what are the pulmonary nodules considered if the patient is below 30?

benign

is this benign or malignant

benign

is this benign or malignant

malignant

where does bronchial adenoma arise form

mucous gland and ducts

where does 80% of the brochial adenoma occur?

major/segmental bronchi

where does 20% of the bronchial adenoma occur

peripheral bronchial

symptoms of bronchial adenoma

hemoptysis, peripheral atelectasis (collapse), or infection

treatment for brnchial adenoma?

surgery

what is this

peripheral bronchial adenoma

what is the most common type of lung cancer

bronchogenic carcinoma

where does bronchogenic carcinoma arise from

mucosal lining of bronchi/segmental bronchi

cause of bronchogenic carcinoma

inhalation of irritants

80% of bronchogenic carcinoma is…

non-small cell lung cancers

3 types of non-small cell cancers

1. squamosal cell

2. adenocarcinoma

3. adenocarcinoma in situ

20% of lung cancers are….

small cell lung cancers

what is the RA of bronchogenic carcinoma

• solitary lesion

• ill defined radiopaque mass

• atelectasis w/ obstructin

• hilar enlargement

modality for bronchogenic carcinoma

CT

treatment for bronchogenic carcinoma

• radiation therapy

• chemotherapy

• surgical resection

what is this

bronchogenic carcinoma — non-small cell lung cancer

what is this

bronchogenic carcinoma —- small cell lung cancer

why is bronchogenic carcinoma — small cell lung cancer deadlier

metastases before found

what is this

pulmonary metastases

define pulmonary metastases

secondary tumours caused by seeding, hematogenous or lymphatic spread

up to ____ of patients with cancer develop pulmonary metastases

1/3

RA of pulmonary metastases

multiple circumscribed nodules

treatment for pulmonary metastases

surgery, chemo, radition therapy