Ardoin - The Progressive Movement

Who was an immigrant from Denmark and made money in banking?

Jacob Riss

What happened to Jacob Riss as a result of the Great Depression?

He became a crime reporter and took a bunch of pictures in the slum areas. He put all of these photographs into a slideshow and showed them to wealthy people.

What was the wealthy class and the general publics' response to these pictures?

They were horrified and shocked that poverty exists in the U.S.

What is significant about Riss?

He showed that poverty does exist in the U.S. and we need to do something about it.

What term was coined by Theodore Roosevelt and was used to describe investigative journalists?

muckrakers

Who was a socialist and wanted to write about all of the awful things found in the meat packing industry? (This is his way to trash the capitalists.)

Sinclair

Instead of focusing on the fact that he is trashes capitalism, the public focusses on the bad...

meat.

What was the result of Sinclair's research?

Theodore Roosevelt reads The Jungle and creates the FDA.

Who is another muckraker that goes after Rockefeller and disses him?

Ida M. Tarbell

Who went to college and got a degree, but then her dad told her she had to get married when she didn't want to?

Jane Adams

What does Jane Adams' father do in responce?

Sends her to a psychiatrists who declares she is insane.

What happens to Adams when her and her friends leave for England?

They discover the "shelter".

What does Adams do when her father dies?

She uses his money to purchase a house in Chicago were she provides food, clothing, shelter, and daycare for people in need. She did all of this work for free.

This little "orphanage" is known as the...

Hull House

What were some of the labor improvements during this time period?

1. Minimum ages for children which would be determined by the state. (Kids could now have a childhood).

2. Workmen's compensation was provided. (If you are hurt on the job).

Who is Elizabeth Cady Stanton and what was she mad about?

-a women's suffrage advocate

She is mad because illiterate black men could vote but literate white women couldn't.

Who took Stanton's place and was arrested many times for attempting to vote and speaking in public about women's rights?

Susan B. Anthony

What do these ladies create together?

The NAWSA.

What realm are women in up to this point?

The domestic realm.

Why are southern women okay with not voting?

Black women would be allowed to vote.

What were some women's fears when it came to suffrage rights?

-It will change the traditional roles of society (women will be in the public and political realm).

-Voting will corrupt women (voting would change their good morals).

-They physically and mentally can't handle the vote.

Why do advocates for women's suffrage say suffrage would be a good thing?

-They won't vote for corrupt people because they are moral (cleans up the public).

-They will vote for the children.

-Why follow the rules of a country when you have no say in those rules.

Who becomes the new conservative leader of NAWSA after Stanton and Anthony?

Catt

Who is a radical American that was in England for the British women's suffrage movement and is inspired by them?

Alice Paul

What does Paul realize?

Catt is too conservative for her. She forms the national women's party. Her group is considered radical.

What does Paul's group do in front of the white house?

They strike and are arrested for obstruction of traffic (but you're technically allowed to strike and have free speech).

Which president started to get bad press because word got out about what was happening?

Wilson

Why does Wilson eventually support women's suffrage?

He knows that women's help will be needed during WWI.

What do Catt and Paul do in order to finally guarantee women's voting right?

They take it to the states, specifically, the West because the West is more Progressive and new.

Who were the first states in the west that allowed women to vote?

Wyoming and Montana

Catt and Paul gain all the votes for an Amendment when they finally swing...

Tennessee

What Amendment gained women's suffrage?

the 19th: 1920

What was the temperance movement?

a movement to fight the evils of alcohol

-this is the 2nd time it is brought up (first was before the civil war but there were arguments concerning which alcohol to ban)

Who was a two time divorce of alcoholic husbands and goes to the bars with her hatchet and bible to scare people away?

Carrie A. Nation

What happened to Carrie A. Nation

-She was arrested many times.

-Temperance movement supports started to follow her example.

-She was the head of the WCTU (women's Christian movement).

What amendment is established as a result of the temperance movement and prohibits the manufacture and sale of alcohol?

The 18th Amendment

What local reform took place during the progressive movement?

City managers replace corrupt mayors.

What state reform took place during the progressive movement?

In the state of Wisconsin we have direct primaries, state taxes, and conservation reform.

Who sets aside beautiful land for state parks?

"Battle Bob" (Robert Lafollette)

What did Roosevelt do because he loved Battle Bob's idea so much?

He created national state parks.

What three forms of legislation is established on the state level?

-initiative

-referendum

-recall

What is initiative?

People propose legislation.

What is a referendum?

People vote on legislation.

What is recall?

recalling a government official if you don't like what he's doing

-means having a timeline and a certain amount of signatures and having those signatures checked

-b/c you run out of time these don't happen often.

Who is way more active in the White House and focuses on getting what he wanted passed?

Teddy Roosevelt

Teddy Roosevelt is also called the...

trustbuster

What does Roosevelt do to big businessmen?

He makes there lives miserable. He tries to get rid of "bad" trusts. (There are some that are good, and some that are bad).

What was the theme of Roosevelt's presidency?

The Square Deal

What did Teddy Roosevelt come up with after he read the Jungle and was horrified?

He came up with the meat inspection act.

What did the meat inspection act do?

It required the federal inspection of the meat packing industry.

What other act did Roosevelt come up with?

The pure food and drug act.

What was the result of the pure food and drug act?

At that time, we didn't have any food labels. After this act, we still don't but grocery stores and markets must make sure that all the food is what it's container says it is.

What does the food and drug act do to the drugs of the time?

We still had no labels on drugs in this time period, but pharmacies/"doctors" now had to be more transparent on what is in their food and drugs.

Who did Teddy Roosevelt side with that made him so unique?

He sided with labor. Up till this point, no president has done that.

What is an example of Roosevelt siding with labor?

Roosevelt sided with coal miners.

What did Roosevelt do for them?

He called the coal mine owners and told them to get it together and pay them their proper wages or he would send the military. He ended up having to send the military in when they refused.

What is Roosevelt thinking about doing after his 2nd term as president?

Running for a third term; however, he doesn't want to break the precedent.

What does Teddy Roosevelt chose to do in order to still influence the nation even though he won't be holding office?

He endorses the next president.

Who is the next president?

William Howard Taft

What is special about William Howard Taft?

-He is the only president to also be Supreme Court Justice.

-He is huge and gets stuck in a bath tub.

What circumstances led Taft to have a weaker administration?

-Roosevelt constantly trying to control him.

-He doesn't want to be president, but his wife forces it upon him.

What was Taft's campaign like?

He told American that he would lower the tariff; however, he got into office and raised it.

What was this tariff called?

The Payne Aldrich Tariff

Who is the chief forester of the nation/head of the national park service?

Gifford Pinchot

What does Taft do that causes him and Roosevelt to have a falling out?

He fires Pinchot, whom Roosevelt had appointed.

What was was 16th Amendment?

enforced federal income taxes

What happens in the Election of 1912?

Woodrow Wilson (Democrat) vs. Taft (Republican) vs. Roosevelt (Progressive Party or Bull Moose Party)

Where does the vote split?

Between Taft and Roosevelt; Wilson ends up winning the election.

Who is Woodrow Wilson?

He is a Democrat who grew up in Georgia. He only knows about domestic policy but has to deal with World War I.

What does Wilson do as a result of Taft's administration?

He lowers the tariff → is known as the Simmon's Tariff

What makes up the Federal Reserve?

1. The National Bank

2. The Federal Reserve (Twelve Regional Banks under this)

3. State Banks

Why do we have to keep updating the banking system?

America is a growing nation.

What Act outlaws monopolies and trusts again because Sherman's didn't work?

The Clayton Antitrust Act