Intro to Leg & Foot

what forms the knee joint

femur articulating with tibia

lateral and medial femoral condyles articulate with what

lat and med tibial condyles forming knee joint

what does the patella articulate with

ONLY THE FEMUR- is a sesamoid bone

what holds tib and fib together

interosseous membrane

how does fibula articulate with tibia

distal and proximal tibiofibular joint

what is passive standing

regulating body against its weight and gravity

why doesnt passive standing require musch energy

hip & knee most stable in extension

• maximum bone to bone contact

• taut supporting ligaments

when foot is free what does it mean

(sitting) tibia moving relative to fixed femur

when foot is fixed what does it mean

standing (femur roating relative to tibia)

what is the screw home mechanism

in passive standing the femur rotates medially along the tibia resulting in articular surfaces locking

what muscle unlocks the knee

the popliteus muscle allowing us to go back into flexion

tibia inferiorly most medial aspect where rounds out called what

medial malleolus

on fibula, laterally follow inferiorly ends up at what

lateral malleolus

name ligaments on tib anf fib

• ant & post proximal tibiofibular lig

• ant and post distal tibiofibular ligament

leg compartments

intermuscular fossa, crural fossa. seperated by intermuscular septa

3 leg (crural) compartments

• posterior compartment

  • superfical

  • deep

• Anterior leg compartment

• Lateral leg compartment

medial malleolous anf lateral malleolous articulate with 1 tarsal bone (talus) whats this joint called

ankle joint

actions happening at ankle joint

dorsiflexion & plantar flexion

shape of distal crural region articulating with talus creates what kind of joint

mortis joint

how many tarsal bones do we have, name them

7

talus

calcaneus

navicular

cuneiform (medial, intermediate, lateral), cuboid

how many metatarsals do we have

5

how many phalanges do we have

5 proximal

4 middle phalanges

5 distal phalanges

2 sesamoid bones

name joints in the foot

• metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP JOINT)

• proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP JOINT)

• Distal interphalangeal joints (DIP JOINT)

actions of talocrural joint

• dorsiflexion & plantar flexion

at the subtalar joint what happens

talus to calcaneus

• inversion

• eversion

two views of the foot

toe flexion

• plantar muscles

toe extension

• dorsal muscles

tendons of what muscles can be found in foot

the leg muscles

what are intrinsic foot muscles

originate and insert into the foot only

name the arches of the foot

• medial longtitudinal arch

• lateral longtitudinal arch

• transverse arch

  • transfer weight

  • absorb shock

  • increase flexibility

arrangement of innervation and blood supply of leg originally come from where

thigh-leg- foot

coming from popliteal artery and vein becomes what when enters into posterior leg and bifracates

• posterior tibial artery

  • fibular artery

anterior tibial artery

• ATA pierces through interosseous membrane to travel along anterior surface of interrosseous membranne

what nerves are descending into popliteal fossa

tibial n (L4-S3)

common fib nerve (L4-S2)

• superficial fib n

• deep fib n