PHARM 2 EXAM 4 FINAL REVIEW!!!.docx

What is Propylthiouracil (PTU) used for?

It is used for hyperthyroidism, specifically Grave’s Disease.

What are the signs that Propylthiouracil (PTU) is working?

Decreased anxiety, return to normal heart rate, decreased insomnia and tremors.

What are the major adverse effects of Metformin?

GI issues such as nausea, diarrhea, and upset stomach.

How does Metformin affect kidney function?

It is hard on the kidneys, so kidney function should be monitored.

What is the primary function of Calcitonin?

Decreases calcium by inhibiting bone reabsorption.

What is Lugol’s Solution used for?

It is used to treat thyroid storm by inhibiting the release of thyroid hormones.

How does Glimepiride help manage type 2 diabetes?

By stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin.

What condition does Desmopressin treat?

Diabetes insipidus by reducing excessive urine output.

What indicates that Desmopressin is effective?

A decrease in thirst.

What does Filgrastim do?

Stimulates bone marrow to produce white blood cells.

What is the common use of Cyanocobalamin?

It is used for pernicious anemia caused by B-12 deficiency.

What is Methotrexate commonly prescribed for?

Certain cancers, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

What is Negative Feedback in hormone regulation?

A process by which the body regulates hormone levels.

What is Cosyntropin used for?

It is a synthetic form of ACTH used to diagnose adrenal cortical insufficiency.

What are the adverse effects of Methimazole?

Agranulocytosis and liver toxicity.

What is Ferrous Sulfate used to treat?

Iron deficiency anemia.

What is the function of cortisol?

Helps regulate the body’s response to stress, metabolism, immune function, and inflammation.

When is Regular Insulin usually administered?

Using a sliding scale, via SubQ or IV.

What is the role of Vitamin D in the body?

Essential for the absorption and use of calcium.

What condition is Levothyroxine used to treat?

Hypothyroidism, particularly Hashimoto’s.

What is the onset time for Aspart insulin?

10-15 minutes.

What does Ketoconazole inhibit?

Cortisol production, used to treat Cushing’s disease.

What is Radioactive I-131 used for?

To treat hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer.

What is Glycogen?

A polysaccharide that stores glucose in the liver and muscles.

What does Dapagliflozin do?

It helps the kidneys remove glucose from the bloodstream.

What is the effect of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)?

Increases calcium by stimulating bone reabsorption.

What is Glipizide?

An oral anti-diabetic that stimulates insulin release.

What are the side effects of Doxorubicin?

Cardiotoxic effects leading to possible heart failure.

What is the purpose of Tamoxifen?

Blocks estrogen receptors in hormone receptor positive breast cancer.

What are the signs of Thyroid Storm?

High fever, tachycardia, agitation, restlessness, angina, and hypertension.

What does Epoetin Alfa stimulate?

The production of red blood cells.

What are common side effects of corticosteroids?

Bone density loss, elevated blood sugar, and suppressed immune response.

How does Insulin function in the body?

Promotes glucose uptake into cells, lowers blood glucose levels.

What does Glucagon do?

Stimulates the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream.

What is TSH and its function?

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone that stimulates the release of T3 and T4.

What are the long-term effects of Hydrocortisone?

Can lead to a moon face, weight gain, hypertension, and mood changes.

What is the importance of Glargine insulin?

It is a long-acting insulin that helps maintain consistent blood glucose control.

What is Octreotide used to treat?

It inhibits growth hormone release to manage conditions like acromegaly.

What complication can Vincristine cause?

Peripheral neuropathy, tingling, numbness, or weakness in hands and feet.

What is the protocol for mixing insulins?

Roll the vial, disinfect tops, draw clear insulin first (Regular), then cloudy (NPH).