Rhyme and meter

Two syllables; unstressed followed by a stressed

Iamb

Two syllables; stressed followed by unstressed

Trochee

Two syllables, both stressed

Spondee

Three syllables; two unstressed followed by one stressed

Anapest

Three syllables; one stressed followed by two unstressed

Dactyl

Three syllables; one unstressed followed by a stressed, followed by an unstressed

Amphibrach

Three syllables; one stressed, followed by unstressed, followed by stressed

Cretic

Line with 1 foot

Monometer

Line with 3 feet

Trimeter

Line with 5 feet

Pentameter

Line with seven feet

Heptameter

Line with 2 feet

Dimeter

Line with 4 feet

Tetrameter

Line with 6 feet

Hexameter

Octometer

Line with 8 feet

Octave and a sestet

Petrarchan sonnet structure

3 quatrains + rhyming couplet

Shakespearean sonnet structure

No complex literary techniques or allusions

Traditional ballad

Has complex literary techniques and allusions

Literary ballad

Written in quatrains with no set length

Ballad structure

Anaphora

• repetition at the beginning of  a line or phrase 

Epizeuxis

Repetition of two words with nothing between them

Diacope

 repetition of words with a word in between

Assonance

• repetition of vowel sounds

consonance

• repetition of consonant sounds

sibilance

repetition of s sound

euphony

 pleasant, harmonious sounds

cacophony

unpleasant, discordant sounds , opposite of euphony

Hyperbole

extreme exaggeration