Hydrocarbons

Homologous series

A series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive compound differing by CH2

Alkane

a hydrocarbon containing only single covalent bonds

General formula of alkanes

CnH2n+2

Alkene

A hydrocarbon that contains a double bond.

double covalent bond

a bond in which two atoms share two pairs of electrons

General formula of alkenes

CnH2n

Alkenes suffix

ene

Alkanes suffix

ane

Meth prefix

1 carbon

Eth prefix

2 carbons

Prop prefix

3 carbons

But prefix

4 carbons

Molecular formula

A chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule, but not the arrangement of the atoms.

Display formula

Shows all of the atoms in the molecule and their arrangement

saturated hydrocarbon

A hydrocarbon in which all the bonds between carbon atoms are single bonds

Hydrocarbons and a Trend in boiling point

The longer the hydrocarbon, the higher its boiling point

Hydrocarbons and a Trend in viscosity

The longer the hydrocarbon, the more viscous it is

Hydrocarbons and a Trend in flammability

The shorter the hydrocarbon, the more flammable it is

Complete combustion

A combustion reaction in the presence of plenty of oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water

Incomplete combustion

Combustion with insufficient oxygen, producing water, carbon particulates and carbon monoxide.