Biological Macromolecules and Cell Organelles

Flashcards covering key concepts regarding biological macromolecules and cell organelles.

What are the three types of carbohydrates?

Monosaccharides (one sugar), disaccharides (two sugars), and polysaccharides.

What is the ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in carbohydrates?

1:2:1 ratio.

Name two examples of carbohydrates.

Glucose and sucrose.

What are lipids made up of?

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually with large amounts of hydrogen.

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Saturated fats have no double bonds, while unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds.

What are proteins made up of?

Amino acids, which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

What are nucleic acids composed of?

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and a nitrogenous base.

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

It controls the activities of the cell and contains the DNA.

What is the function of ribosomes?

They are responsible for making proteins.

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?

The rough ER makes proteins, while the smooth ER makes lipids.