enviro test 2

biomes

Biome

geographic areas that have similar climates and ecosystems

Land Biomes

Tundry, Taiga, Temperate Deciduous Forest, Tropical Rainforest, Grassland, Desert

Where are tundra’s found

Canada, Alaska, and Siberia

How much precipitation does the tundra get yearly

less than 25 cm

description of tundra

cold dry treeless region

how long does winter last in the tundra

6-9 months with no daylight

soil quality of tundra

poor

permafrost

layer of permanently frozen soil

plants of the tundra

resistant to drought and cold: lichen (reindeer moss), true mosses, grasses, small shrubs and flowers.

animals of the tundra

most of the animals migrate there during the short summer: biting insects, caribous, snowy owls, musk oxen, arctic hares, lemmings

where are taiga or coniferous forests found

canada, alaska, and russia

The taiga or coniferous forest is the worlds?

largest land biome

the weather and seasons of the taiga?

warmer and wetter than the tundra and the winters are long and cold

how much precipitation yearly of the taiga

35 to 40 cm yearly (mostly snow)

plants of the taiga

mosses and lichens grow on the forest floor due to lack of permafrost: firs, spruces, pines, hemlocks, cedars

animals of the taiga

moose, black bear, lynx, wolves, badgers, wolverines, ermines, deer

where are temperate deciduous forest

found in europe, the eastern part of the USA, and China

how much precipitation yearly of temperate deciduous forest

75 to 150 cm

seasons of temperate deciduous forest

wide range of temperatures with 4 seasons

soil quality of temperate deciduous forest

soil is rich in nutrients from layers of decomposing leaves

the layers of temperate deciduous forest

canopy, understory, forest floor

canopy

tree tops that shade the ground below

understory

shrub layer

forest floor

dark and moist layer of dead leaves, twigs, and seeds

plants of the temperate deciduous forest

oak trees, shrubs, hickory trees, wildflowers, maple trees, ferns

animals of the temperate deciduous forest

deer, foxes, snakes, birds, raccoons, amphibians

where is the tropical rainforest found

found near the equator in Africa, South America, Australia, and the pacific islands

how much precipitation does the tropical rainforest get

200 to 225cm

climate of the tropical rainforest

hot and humid all year

soil quality of tropical rainforest

soil is nutrient poor and acidic, most plants have shallow roots

plants of the tropical rainforest

mahogany trees, bromeliads and orchids, giant ferns, many flowering plants

animals of the tropical rainforest

monkeys, exotic birds, snakes, sloths, bats, insects, large cats, exotic mammals

characteristics of the savanna

tropical, rolling grassland scattered with shrubs and isolated trees

how much precipitation does the savanna get

15-50 inches

soil quality of the savanna

clay and sand mixed soils

savanna plants

tall, wild grasses, acacia trees, small shrubs

savanna animals

gazelle, wildebeest, lion, elephant, giraffe

grasslands are found

on every continent

the many names for a grassland

prairie, plains, steppe, pampas, veldt, savanna

grassland seasons

wet seasons follow by a season of drought

how much precipitation in grasslands

25 to 75 cm

soil quality of grasslands

the soil is rich and fertile

plants of the grassland

wheat, rye, barley, corn

animals of the grassland

bison, prairie dog, pronghorn, coyote,long nosed bandicoot, wallaby, kangaroo, wombat,

chapparal characteristics

cross between a grassland and a forest, may contain mountain slopes and plains.

seasons of chapparal

hot dry summers, and mild winters

precipitation of chaparral

15-40 in

soil quality of chapparal

poor with low moisture

deserts are found on

every continent on earth (d)

deserts are the

driest biome on Earth

temperatures in the desert

extreme temperatures, very hto during the day and cool at night

precipitation in the desert

less than 25 cm

soil quality of desert

soil ranges from gravel to sand, very nutrient poor

plants of the desert

cactus, mesquite, joshua trees, wildflowers, creosote

animals of the desert

lizards, camels, snakes, scorpions, kangaroo rat, gila monster, predatory birds, tarantula

limiting factors in water biomes

amount of salt (salinity), amount of dissolved oxygen, sunlight

what consists freshwater

rivers and streams, lakes and ponds

what consists saltwater

ocean, estuaries, seashores

flowing freshwater

river and streams

still freshwater

lakes and ponds

the faster a ___ flows the greater the amount of dissolved oxygen in it

stream

What have fish in streams adapted to

fast moving water

water moves slower in a ____ and debris settles on the bottom, bc of this rivers tend to have more nutrients and less dissolved oxygen.

river

ponds are

small shallow bodies of water

sunlight penetrates all the way to the bottom of ____ and contains high amount of nutrients

ponds

lakes are

larger and deeper than pond and plant grown is limited to the shoreline

Sunlight does NOT penetrate to the bottom in ____

lakes

plankton

microscopic algae, plants, and other organisms, that float on the surface of water biomes, they need sunlight to survive

phytoplankton

important producers in water biomes, they are the first step in many aquatic food chains