Chapter 1.3 and 1.4

Bartering

The trading of goods without the use of money: exchanging one thing in payment for another.

Private Enterprise

Businesses owned and managed by individuals, free of government restrictions.

Anglo-Japanese Alliance

Was an alliance between Britain and Japan. It was in operation from 1902 to 1922. The original British goal was to prevent Russia from expanding in Manchuria while also preserving the territorial integrity of China and Korea.

Russo-Japanese War

Was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1905 over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire.

Dogger Bank Incident

Naval engagement between British and German battle cruisers during World War I.

Western Powers

A term used to refer to the European countries with the most powerful economies, armies, and navies, and the USA.

Ultimatum

A final demand that, if rejected, will lead to serious consequences such as war.

Isolationism

The policy of keeping one’s country separate from the affairs of other nations, by avoiding alliances and international commitments.

Louisiana Purchase

Encompassed 530,000,000 acres of territory in North America that the United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million.

Annexation

Taking possession of territory, usually by force or without permission

Manifest Destiny

The nineteenth-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the U.S. throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

Monroe Doctrine

Warned European powers not to interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere.

Stock Market

A place where shares are brought and sold. People buy shares in a company as an investment in order to gain from its subsequent profits.

Protectionism

The placing of high tariffs(taxes) on imports in order to protect domestic industries from foreign competition. Opposite of free trade

Spanish-American War

Began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence.

T. Roosevelt

Was an American politician, statesman, soldier, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer who served as the 26th president of the United States from 1901 to 1909.

Treaty of Paris

Ended the Spanish-American war & Cuba gained independence from Spain

Platt Amendment

Was passed as part of the 1901 Army Appropriations Bill. It stipulated seven conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish–American War, and an eighth condition that Cuba signs a treaty accepting these seven conditions.

Spooner Act of 1902

It authorized purchasing the assets of a French syndicate called the Compagnie Nouvelle du Canal de Panama, provided that a treaty could be negotiated with the Republic of Colombia.

Triple Alliance

Was a defensive military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. It was formed on 20 May 1882 and renewed periodically until it expired in 1915 during World War I. Germany and Austria-Hungary had been closely allied since 1879.

Triple Entente

Association between Great Britain, France, and Russia, the nucleus of the Allied Powers in World War I.

W. Wilson

Was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the president of Princeton University and as the governor of New Jersey before he become president.

Pacifist

A person who opposes war or violence as a means of settling disputes.

Zimmermann Telegram

Was a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between the German Empire and Mexico if the United States entered World War I against Germany.

Lusitania

A swift-moving British cruise liner traveling from New York to Liverpool, England.

Meiji Restoration

In 1868 the Tokugawa shôgun("great general"), who ruled Japan in the feudal period, lost his power and the emperor was restored to the supreme position.