Mendelian genetics

Dihybrid

\- F1 of 2 true-breeding varieties that differ in both characters, heterozygous for a characters followed in the cross.

Genotype

\- Genetic constitution of an individua; ratio or percent

\- Genetic make up

\- Set of alleles carried by an organism

Genes

\- Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein that determines a trait.

Monohybrid

\- Heterozygous for 1 character.

Trait

\- Characteristics of organisms that make them who they are.

Recessive

\- Masked by dominant allele.

Allele

\- One of two or more DNA sequences occurring at a particular gene locus

Genes

\- Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein is determines a trait

Allele

\- One of a number of different forms of a gene

Dominant

\- Masks recessive allele

Recessive

\- Masked by dominant allele

Phenotype

\- Describes total physical appearance of an organism

Heterozygous

\- Organism has different alleles for the same trait

Homozygous

\- Organism that has 2 identical alleles for a particular trait

Dihybrid

\- F1 of 2 true-breeding varieties that differ in both characters, heterozygous for a characters followed in the cross

Parental Generation

\- first individuals that mate in a genetic cross

F1 Generation

\- First generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of a organisms

F2 Generation

\- Offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1 generation

Independent assortment

random distribution of homologous chromosome during meiosis

incomplete dominance

two true-breeding parents crossed to produce an intermediate offspring

law of segregation

only one of the two gene copies present in an organism is distributed to each gamete (egg or sperm cell) that it makes, and the allocation of the gene copies is random.