Mendelian genetics

  • Trait - Characteristics of organisms that make them who they are

  • Genes - Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein is determines a trait

  • Allele - One of a number of different forms of a gene

  • Dominant - Masks recessive allele

-Organisms of dominant allele will exhibit that form of trait

- Represented by Capital letter

  • Recessive - Masked by dominant allele

- Organisms will only exhibit this form of the trait if the dominant allele is not present

- Represented by lower case letter

  • Genotype-Genetic constitution of an individual

  • Genetic make up Phenotype - Describes total physical appearance of an organism

  • Heterozygous - Organism has different alleles for the same trait

  • Homozygous - Organism that has 2 identical alleles for a particular trait

  • Monohybrid-Heterozygous for 1 character

  • Dihybrid- F1 of 2 true-breeding varieties that differ in both characters, heterozygous for a characters followed in the cross

  • Parental Generation - Parental generation, first individuals that mate in a genetic cross #

  • F1 Generation - First generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of a organisms

  • F2 Generation - Offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid FG generation