chapter 11

Which muscle is used for sticking out the tongue?
Hyoglossus
Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Genioglossus

Genioglossus

In the limbs, which tends to be a muscle's more distal attachment?
The aponeurosis
The insertion
The origin
The perimysium

The insertion

A muscle whose action opposes that of the prime mover is known as a(n):
agonist.
antagonist.
synergist.
extensor

antagonist.

For elbow flexion:
biceps brachii is the agonist and triceps brachii is the antagonist.
biceps brachii is the antagonist and triceps brachii is the agonist.
triceps brachii is the synergist and biceps brachii is the antagonist.
deltoid is the agonist and biceps brachii is the synergist.
biceps brachii is the synergist and triceps brachii is the agonist.

biceps brachii is the agonist and triceps brachii is the antagonist.

The word "biceps" in the name of a muscle refers to the fact that:
the insertion of the muscle is split into two parts.
the muscle is shaped in two round sections, one after the other.
the muscle has two tendons of origin.
the muscle has two very different actions

the muscle has two tendons of origin.

The rhomboid muscle is named for its:
size.
origin.
fiber orientation.
shape.
action.

shape.

When a person blinks she is using her:
pitofrontalis muscle.
orbicularis oris.
procerus.
orbicularis oculi.
depressor labii inferioris.

orbicularis oculi.

You just ran over a skunk on your way to class. The odor was overwhelming and in response you wrinkled your nose in disgust by contracting your:
nasalis muscle.
procerus muscle.
depressor anguli oris.
frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle.
occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle.

procerus muscle.

Which is the "kiss muscle" used for puckering the lips?
Orbicularis oris
Orbicularis oculi
Depressor labii inferioris
Depressor anguli oris
Procerus

Orbicularis oris

A nursing baby is using what muscle to suckle?
Risorius
Platysma
Mentalis
Levator labii superioris
Buccinator

Buccinator

The mentalis muscle has what action?
Smiling
Frowning
Pouting
Blowing
Sucking

Pouting

The frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle causes what action?
Sneering
Smiling
Flaring the nostrils
Wrinkling the brow (forehead)
Frowning

Wrinkling the brow (forehead)

You hear a sharp noise to your left causing you to shift your eyes in that direction. Which muscles were responsible for your glance?
Left eye - lateral rectus, right eye - medial rectus
Left eye - medial rectus, right eye - lateral rectus
Left eye and right eye - lateral rectus
Left eye and right eye - medial rectus
Left eye - superior oblique, right eye - inferior oblique

Left eye - lateral rectus, right eye - medial rectus

Which extrinsic eye muscle moves through a pulleylike loop?
Inferior oblique
Superior oblique
Lateral rectus
Medial rectus
Superior rectus

Superior oblique

Which extrinsic eye muscle is innervated by the abducens nerve (CN VI)?
Inferior oblique
Superior oblique
Lateral rectus
Medial rectus
Superior rectus

Lateral rectus

Which cranial nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle?
The abducens nerve
The trigeminal nerve
The trochlear nerve
The oculomotor nerve
The glossopharyngeal nerve

The trochlear nerve

There are four muscles of mastication. Select the exception.
Buccinator
Masseter
Temporalis
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid

Buccinator

Which muscle does not move the mandible?
Temporalis
Masseter
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid
Genioglossus

Genioglossus

The ending "glossus" on the name of a muscle refers to:
the tongue.
mastication.
the neck.
swallowing.
the jaw

the tongue.

Of the muscles listed, the only one that inserts on the hyoid bone is the:
hyoglossus.
palatoglossus.
styloglossus.
lateral pterygoid.
genioglossus.

genioglossus.

Pharyngeal constrictor muscles are especially important for which function?
Breathing
Swallowing
Expressing fright
Chewing food
Mixing food with enzymes

Swallowing

You have just disembarked from an airplane following a cross-country flight. You are experiencing difficulty in hearing and notice that your ears are plugged. To relieve the pressure you try "yawning" to clear the ear canal. It worked. What muscle was involved?

Middle constrictor
Levator veli palatini
Salpingopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus
Tensor veli palatini

Tensor veli palatini

Muscles whose functions are to either depress the hyoid bone or the thyroid cartilage of the larynx are the \_________ muscles.
mylohyoid
suprahyoid
infrahyoid
stylohyoid

infrahyoid

This muscle has its origin on the manubrium and sternal end of the clavicle and its insertion on the mastoid process.
Longissimus capitis
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalene
Splenius capitis
Splenius cervicus

Sternocleidomastoid

If the right sternocleidomastoid contracts unilaterally, the resulting movement will be:

lateral flexion of the head to the right and rotation of the head to the left.
lateral flexion of the head to the left and rotation of the head to the right.
lateral extension of the head to the right and rotation of the head to the left.
lateral extension of the head to the left and rotation of the head to the right

lateral flexion of the head to the right and rotation of the head to the left.

When the left and right splenius capitis contract together, the resulting movement is:
wrinkling of the brow.
flexion of the neck.
elevation of the larynx.
extension of the neck.
pulling of the scalp anteriorly.

extension of the neck.

The most laterally placed of the three erector spinae components, the \___________ group, is composed of three parts: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar.

longissimus
spinalis
iliocostalis

iliocostalis

This muscle extends and rotates the vertebral column toward the opposite side of the body. Its origin is on the sacrum and transverse processes of each vertebra and its insertion is the spinous processes of more superior vertebrae
Multifidus
Interspinales
Intertransversarii
Rotators
Quadratus lumborum

Multifidus

These muscles elevate the ribs and have their origin on the inferior border of the superior rib and their insertion on the superior border of the inferior rib.

Internal intercostals
external intercostals
transverse thoracis
diaphragm
serratus posterior inferior

external intercostals

When contracted, this muscle causes expansion of the thoracic cavity and increases pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity. Its insertion is on a central tendon.
Internal intercostals
External intercostals
Transversus thoracis
Diaphragm
Serratus posterior inferior

Diaphragm

The muscle that forms a partition between the thoracic and abdominal cavitieterm-30s is the

scalenes.
interspinales.
internal intercostal
diaphragm.
transversus thoracis

diaphragm.

Contraction of the diaphragm assists in:

expiration.
inspiration.
flexion at the waist.
extension at the waist.
all of these choices.

inspiration.

Which elevates the ribs?
External intercostals
Internal intercostals
Serratus posterior superior
Transversus thoracis
Two of the choices are correct

External intercostals

The deepest of the abdominal muscles are the \_________ muscles.
rectus abdominis
transversus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
tendinous intersections

transversus abdominis

Which muscle forms the traditional "six-pack" of a well-toned abdominal wall?
Rectus abdominis
Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
External oblique
Longissimus

Rectus abdominis

What are tendinous intersections?

Round tendonlike structures attaching muscle to bone
Fibrous, perpendicular insertions between successive sheets or blocks of muscle
Flat sheets of connective tissue used for muscle insertion
Thin layers of muscle used to attach two other muscles together
Narrow, vertical, fibrous strips used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis

Fibrous, perpendicular insertions between successive sheets or blocks of muscle

Which of the abdominal muscles is innervated by spinal nerves T7-T12?
Rectus abdominis
Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
External oblique
None of these choices is correct

Rectus abdominis

Which of the abdominal muscles has its fibers running in an inferomedial direction?
Rectus abdominis
Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
External oblique
None of these choices is correct

External oblique

For defecation to take place, the puborectalis must:
contract.
relax.

relax.

What is the diamond-shaped region between the lower appendages called?
The periosteum
The pedundal triangle
The perineum
The posterior diaphragm
The coccygeal triangle

The perineum

The superficial layer of the urogenital triangle contains three muscles. Select the exception.
Puborectalis
Bulbospongiosus
Ischiocavernosus
Superficial transverse perineal

Puborectalis

Of the muscles listed, which is the only one not innervated by the pudendal nerve?
External anal sphincter
Coccygeus
Iliococcygeus
Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis

Coccygeus

In the male, which muscle ejects urine or semen, compresses the base of the penis, and helps in formation of an erection?
Iliococcygeus
Superficial transverse perineal muscle
External urethral sphincter
Bulbospongiosus
Pubococcygeus

Bulbospongiosus

Which muscle is part of the urogenital diaphragm and constricts the urethra to voluntarily inhibit urination?
Ischiocavernosus
Superficial transverse perineal muscle
External urethral sphincter
Bulbospongiosus
Pubococcygeus

External urethral sphincter

The anterior border of the perineum is the:
anus.
urethra.
pubic symphysis.
scrotum in the male and the labia majora in the female

pubic symphysis.

Which muscles arise from the skull and often attach to the skin?
Extrinsic eye muscles
Muscles of mastication
Muscles that move the tongue
Muscles of facial expression
Muscles of the pharynx

Muscles of facial expression

Which muscles help us in the initial breakdown of food?
Extrinsic eye muscles
Muscles of mastication
Muscles that move the tongue
Muscles of facial expression
Muscles of the pharynx

Muscles of mastication

This figure shows the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 1 indicate?

Nasalis
Procerus
Epicranius
Orbicularis oculi
Platysma

Platysma

This figure shows the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 2 indicate?

Nasalis
Procerus
Epicranius
Orbicularis oculi
Platysma

Nasalis

This figure shows the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 3 indicate?

Nasalis
Procerus
Epicranius
Orbicularis oculi
Platysma

Orbicularis oculi

This figure shows the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 4 indicate?

Zygomaticus major
Risorius
Masseter
Buccinator
Orbicularis oris

Masseter

This figure shows the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 5 indicate?

Zygomaticus major
Risorius
Masseter
Buccinator
Orbicularis oris

Buccinator

This figure shows the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 6 indicate?

Zygomaticus major
Risorius
Masseter
Buccinator
Orbicularis oris

Orbicularis oris

This figure shows the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 7 indicate?

Mentalis
Levator labii superioris
Risorius
Sternocleidomastoid
Depressor labii inferioris

Levator labii superioris

This figure shows the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 8 indicate?

Mentalis
Levator labii superioris
Risorius
Sternocleidomastoid
Depressor labii inferioris

Mentalis

This figure shows the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 9 indicate?

Mentalis
Levator labii superioris
Risorius
Sternocleidomastoid
Depressor labii inferioris

Depressor labii inferioris

This figure shows a lateral view of the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 1 indicate?

Temporalis
Masseter
Buccinator
Sternocleidomastoid
Platysma

Masseter

This figure shows a lateral view of the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 2 indicate?

Temporalis
Masseter
Buccinator
Sternocleidomastoid
Platysma

Temporalis

This figure shows a lateral view of the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 3 indicate?

Temporalis
Masseter
Buccinator
Sternocleidomastoid
Platysma

Buccinator

This figure shows a lateral view of the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 4 indicate?

Temporalis
Masseter
Buccinator
Sternocleidomastoid
Platysma

Platysma

This figure shows a lateral view of the muscles of facial expression. What muscle does number 5 indicate?

Temporalis
Masseter
Buccinator
Sternocleidomastoid
Platysma

Sternocleidomastoid

This figure shows a medial view of the right eye. What muscle does number 2 indicate?

Superior oblique
Inferior oblique
Lateral rectus
Medial rectus
Superior rectus

Superior oblique

This figure shows a medial view of the right eye. What muscle does number 3 indicate?

Superior oblique
Inferior oblique
Lateral rectus
Medial rectus
Superior rectus

Superior rectus

This figure shows a medial view of the right eye. What structure does number 4 indicate?

Trochlea
Common tendinous ring
Optic nerve
Optic canal
Superior rectus muscle

Trochlea

This figure shows an anterior view of the right orbit. What muscle does number 1 indicate?

Superior oblique
Inferior oblique
Lateral rectus
Medial rectus
Superior rectus

Lateral rectus

This figure shows an anterior view of the right orbit. What muscle does number 2 indicate?

Superior oblique
Inferior oblique
Lateral rectus
Medial rectus
Superior rectus

Medial rectus

This figure shows an anterior view of the right orbit. What feature does number 4 indicate?

Trochlea
Common tendinous ring
Optic nerve
Optic canal
Central tendinous ring

Optic canal

This figure shows the muscles that move the tongue. What muscle does number 1 indicate?

Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Stylohyoid
Hyoglossus
Genioglossus

Hyoglossus

This figure shows the muscles that move the tongue. What muscle does number 2 indicate?

Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Stylohyoid
Hyoglossus
Genioglossus

Genioglossus

This figure shows the muscles that move the tongue. What muscle does number 3 indicate?

Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Stylohyoid
Hyoglossus
Genioglossus

Stylohyoid

This figure shows the muscles of the anterior neck. What muscle does number 1 indicate?

Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Sternothyroid
Geniohyoid
Sternohyoid

Trapezius

This figure shows the muscles of the anterior neck. What muscle does number 2 indicate?

Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Sternothyroid
Geniohyoid
Sternohyoid

Sternohyoid

This figure shows the muscles of the anterior neck. What muscle does number 3 indicate?

Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Sternothyroid
Geniohyoid
Sternohyoid

Sternocleidomastoid

This figure shows the muscles of respiration. What muscles are indicated by number 1?

External intercostals
Internal intercostals
Scalenes
Diaphragm
Transversus thoracis

Internal intercostals

This figure shows the muscles of respiration. What muscle does number 2 indicate?

External intercostal
Internal intercostal
Scalene
Diaphragm
Transversus thoracis

External intercostal

This figure shows the muscles of respiration. What muscles are indicated by number 3?

External intercostals
Internal intercostals
Scalenes
Diaphragm
Transversus thoracis

Scalenes

This figure shows the muscles of respiration. What muscle does number 4 indicate?

External intercostal
Internal intercostal
Scalene
Diaphragm
Transversus thoracis

Diaphragm

This figure shows the muscles of the abdominal wall. What muscle or feature does number 2 indicate?

Rectus abdominis
Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
External obli que
Linea alba

Rectus abdominis

This figure shows the muscles of the abdominal wall. What muscle or feature does number 3 indicate?

Rectus abdominis
Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
External oblique
Linea alba

Linea alba

Muscles that protract the scapula would be \________ thoracic muscles.

anterior
posterior

anterior

Muscles of the pectoral girdle originate on the:

clavicle and scapula and insert on the axial skeleton.
humerus and insert on the axial skeleton.
axial skeleton and insert on the humerus.
axial skeleton and insert on the clavicle and scapula.
humerus and insert on the clavicle and scapula.

axial skeleton and insert on the clavicle and scapula.

There are three anterior thoracic muscles. Select the exception.

Levator scapulae
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Subclavius

Levator scapulae

Which of the following muscles elevates and retracts (adducts) the scapula?

Pectoralis minor
Rhomboid major
Subclavius
Serratus anterior
Scalenes

Rhomboid major

The \_________ is a large, saw-toothed, flat, fan-shaped muscle positioned between the ribs and the scapula.

levator scapulae
serratus anterior
subclavius
pectoralis minor
trapezius

serratus anterior

Of the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint, two originate on the axial skeleton. Which ones?
a: Latissimus dorsi
b: Deltoid
c: Pectoralis major
d: Teres major
e: Coracobrachialis

a and b
a and c
b and d
c and e
d and e

a and c

All of these muscles, except one, adduct the arm. Select the exception.

Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Supraspinatus
Coracobrachialis
Triceps brachii

Supraspinatus

All of these muscles, except one, have their origin on the scapula. Select the exception.

Pectoralis major
Coracobrachialis
Triceps brachii
Subscapularis
Infraspinatus

Pectoralis major

All of the following muscles that move the glenohumeral joint insert on the humerus, except one. Which one?

Coracobrachialis
Triceps brachii
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major
Supraspinatus

Triceps brachii

The principal elbow flexors located on the anterior side of the humerus are the:
a: biceps brachii
b: brachialis
c: brachioradialis
d: deltoid
e: trapezius

a,b,c
b,c,d
c,d,e
a,c,e
b,d,e

a, b, c

As a baseball pitcher winds up to throw, he medially rotates his arm by contracting his:'

supraspinatus.
subscapularis.
infraspinatus.
teres minor.

subscapularis.

Which of the following is not one of the rotator cuff muscles?

Teres major
Teres minor
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis

Teres major

What muscle is known as the "swimmer's muscle"?

Deltoid
Latissimus dorsi
Trapezius
Coracobrachialis
Triceps brachii

Latissimus dorsi

Which muscle is the prime extensor of the elbow joint?

Deltoid muscle
Triceps brachii
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis

Triceps brachii

All of these muscles, except one, is innervated by the radial nerve. Select the exception (it is innervated, instead, by the median nerve).

Pronator teres
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Supinator

Pronator teres

Besides the supinator, which other muscle is a powerful supinator of the forearm?

Pronator teres
Pronator quadratus
Triceps brachii
Brachialis
Biceps brachii

Biceps brachii

Many of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm work to \_______ the wrist, and they have their origin on the \_______ epicondyle of the humerus.

flex, lateral
flex, medial
extend, lateral
extend, lateral

flex, medial

Within which layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm is the flexor pollicis longus located?

Deep layer
Intermediate layer
Superficial layer

Deep layer

What is a retinaculum?

A flat band of muscle
A wide aponeurosis
A sliding tendon
An area where several muscles converge
A thickened fibrous band of fascia

A thickened fibrous band of fascia

The condition known as "tennis elbow" is caused by trauma or overuse of the:

common flexor tendon of the anterior forearm muscles.
common flexor tendon of the posterior forearm muscles.
common extensor tendon of the anterior forearm muscles.
common extensor tendon of the posterior forearm muscles.
None of the choices is correct

common extensor tendon of the posterior forearm muscles.

The extensor digitorum muscle is found in the:

deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm.
superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm.
superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm.
deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm.

superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm.