Ancient Roman Food and Meals, Clothing, and Names

Flashcards covering vocabulary related to ancient Roman food, clothing, and naming practices.

panem

The Latin word for bread, which was a staple in ancient Roman meals.

cēna

The main dinner meal for Romans, starting after the workday and often featuring various dishes.

prīmā hōrā

The early morning hour after dawn when the first meal of the day, ientāculum, was consumed.

garum

A fermented fish sauce used as a seasoning and condiment in ancient Roman cooking.

toga

A formal garment worn by adult male Romans, symbolizing status.

toga virilis

The basic toga worn by all adult Roman men, typically in natural or off-white color.

stola

A garment worn by adult women in ancient Rome, varying in style depending on family status.

diēs lūstricus

The day of purification when a newborn child is officially named in Roman tradition.

praenōmen

The first given name of Roman male citizens, often abbreviated.

nōmen

The general name of an extended family or clan in Roman naming conventions.

secundae mēnsae

The dessert course in a Roman meal, featuring sweet foods like fruits and pastries.

prandium

The midday meal consumed just before or after noon, typically made up of simple foods.

toga picta

A luxurious all-purple toga worn by victorious generals in processions.

ferīculum prīmum

The first course of a Roman meal, including appetizers like boiled eggs and salads.

cēna for the poor

The main dinner meal for the poor, typically consisting of simple porridge and vegetables.