Biological treatments of sz: drug therapy

What are antipsychotic drugs used for?

Reducing the intensity of symptoms (particularly positive symptoms), addressing the imbalance of the proposed imbalance in the brain. Symptom management.

What do typical antipsychotics act as?

Antagonists to the dopamine system. Chemicals which reduce the action of a neurotransmitter.

What is an example of a typical antipsychotics?

Chlorpromazine.

What are typical anstipsychotics used for?

To reduce the intensity of positive symptoms, blocking dopamine receptors in the synapses of the brain and thus reducing the action of dopamine. Block D2 receptors in synapses that absorb dopamine, in the mesolimbic pathway thus reducing positive symptoms.

What is an issue with typical antipsychotics?

They block ALL types of dopamine activity, side effects of sedation and other more harmful effects.

What do Atypical antipsychotics attempt to do?

Target D2 dopamine activity in the limbic system but not receptors in other parts of the brain.

What do atypical antipsychotics do?

Bind to dopamine, serotonin and glutamate receptors. Work on negative symptoms too, improving mood, cognitive functions and reducing depression and anxiety. They also have some effect on other neurotransmitters such as serotonin.

What are the side effects like?

fewer side effects; less effect on movement. 30-50% suicidal as Serotonin significantly lowered.

What are two drugs that are atypical antipsychotics?

e.g. Clozapine and Risperidone. 30-50% suicidal because serotonin significantly lowered. Ris - 4mg-12mg syrup, tablet, injection.

Polymorphic (changes) and Irregular internal. Tardine Dyskinesia.

Dopamine sensitivity.

Pouting, puckering, Smacking lips, “fly-catchers” tongue.

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

Impact hypothalamus function 2% cases fatal.