Lex Talionis and Retributive Justice

These flashcards cover key concepts related to Lex Talionis, retributive justice, and their historical context, focusing on definitions and principles as discussed in the lecture.

Lex Talionis

Latin term meaning 'law of retaliation', embodies the principle of retributive justice and is often summarized as 'an eye for an eye'.

Retributive Justice

A theory of justice that emphasizes punishment as a means of enforcing societal norms, ensuring that the punishment is proportionate to the offense.

Code of Hammurabi

An ancient Babylonian legal code consisting of 282 laws, one of the earliest known written legal systems, which includes principles of retributive justice.

Proportionate Punishment

The legal principle that the punishment should reflect the severity of the crime committed.

Mirror Punishments

Punishments that directly correspond to the act committed, as exemplified in the Lex Talionis.

Indemnity

Compensation for harm or loss, often discussed in the context of legal injuries and damages.

Talmud

The central text of Rabbinic Judaism, containing interpretations of the Torah and laws governing Jewish life.

Forgiveness in Legal Context

The option for an injured party to forego retaliation or compensation as illustrated in various religious texts.

Monetary Compensation

Financial payment made to a victim as a means of atonement instead of physical punishment.

Biblical Injunction

Commands or prohibitions in the Bible, such as 'an eye for an eye,' referenced in the Old Testament.

Qisas

The Islamic term for retribution, translated as 'life for life' and includes concepts of retaliation and compensation.

Blood-wit

A form of compensation paid to settle a claim following an injury, particularly in historical legal systems.

The Golden Rule

An ethical principle that suggests treating others as one would like to be treated, often contrasted with retributive justice.