pop music

country music

term accepted in 40s, derived from folk balladry, 1800s popular song

gene autry (1907-1998)

singer/actor who established cowboy image

country music

term accepted in 40s, derived from folk balladry, 1800s popular song

gene autry (1907-1998)

singer/actor who established cowboy image

carter family (1926-1956)

VA singing trio w guitarist maybelle carter, 1st influential country group

grand ole opry (1925- )

nashville venue/radio show

pedal steel

horizontal steel guitar w string bending pedals on stand

lovesick blues

hank williams (1949) yodeling, pedal steel, grand ole opry ovations (alc/drug use) guitar, piano

rock & roll

combo of country/pop elements w black rhythm & blues

copycat covers

50s white artists released more popular versions of blacks’ songs (competing)

paranoid

black sabbath (1970) pioneering heavy metal, down-tuned guitar

british invasion (1964)

english bands’ pop chart domination - led by beatles

heavy metal (70s- )

more aggressive style w darker lyrics - og from UK

punk (70s)

energetic, anarchic style popularized in UK - og from NY

grunge (90s)

introspective american punk/metal hybrid - launched indie labels

PMRC (1985)

tipper gore’s org to increase parental control of lyrics

hip hop culture (70s- )

graffiti, breakdancing, rap music og in bronx

hip hop music (1973- )

pioneered by grandmaster flash, afrika bambaata, dj kool herc (inventor)

breakdown

propulsive, instrumental part of song - w/o lead vocals

sampling

digital snippets of previously rec music as basis for new material

sylvia robinson

produced sugarhill gang rapper’s delight (1979, commercial potential) grandmaster flash the message

answer songs

female rappers’ satires of songs by male artists

graceland

paul simon (1986 album) billboard’s “world music,” s african cultural boycott/controversy

tuva groove (desert remix)

kongar-ol ondar (1999) mongolian throat singing rap w/o trad beat, richard feynman, nature culture