Studied by 11 people
- Pantheon’s Oculus
- Rome
- 118-125 CE
- 8 m wide opening that allows sun in a circular shape to enter the interior
- Built to position the sun’s light on significant dates and solstices
- Part of the wider dome, made of coffering and increasingly light material like pumice
- Canopus
- Tivoli
- 118-134 CE
- Long rectangular reflection pond made to represent a canal from the Nile
- Lined with statues of Greek myth
- Contains the serapaeum on one end, a half-dome with a triclinium and waterfall feature
- Example of Hadrian’s experimentation with architecture
- Island Villa
- Tivoli
- 118-134 CE
- Small circular island with bedrooms, eating spaces, a library, and courtyard
- Courtyard possibly inspired by Piazza d’Oro
- Considered to be a success of Hadrian’s experimentation and an architectural marvel
- Basilica
- Pompeii
- 80-31 BCE
- Constructed during the Sullan period after the Social War
- Corinthian brick columns blocked the view of tribunals within the structure
- Example of Romanization during the Roman Republic
- Colonnade
- Pompeii
- 80 BCE-68 CE
- A rectangular colonnade around the forum oriented with the capitolium
- First Republican phase left unfinished but later finished by the Augustan period
- Arches next to the capitolium mimic the temple of Venus Genetrix
- Antonine Warehouse
- Ostia
- circa 160 CE
- Warehouse of singular rooms that stood along the street
- A less secure but more effective system of storage from the previous horrea
- One of the most common buildings in Ostia due to the amount of commerce in the city
- Garden House
- Ostia
- circa 128 CE
- Multi-roomed apartments typically owned by harbor managers or high class individuals
- Contained elaborate decoration like statues and cistern courtyards
- House of the Hunt
- Bulla Regia
- 2nd century CE
- Roman style house with special adaptions to the environment
- Second, private floor is located underground instead of the typical upstairs
- Palazzo delle Colonne
- Ptolemais
- late 2nd-1st century BCE
- A Greek style peristyle house with top heavy pediment decorations above the courtyard’s colonnade
- First known example of the “broken pediment” architecture, a popular decoration that spreads throughout Rome
- Severan Forum
- Leptis Magna
- 216 CE
- Massive forum with a crooked basilica due to terrain
- Contains a typical Roman temple except for the architecturally Punic stairway entrance
- Hunting Baths
- Leptis Magna
- late 2nd century CE
- Baths purposely made to look ugly to encourage entering the structure
- Example of well preserved domed structures
- Maison Carree
- Nimes
- 19 BCE
- A “perfect” Roman temple with correct proportions
- Example of thorough Romanization in southern France
- Nimes Amphitheater
- France
- late 1st century CE
- Constructed Romano-Celt Tiberius Crispius Reburrus
- Amphitheater built identically to a nearby amphitheater at Arles
- Example of Romano-Celts building Roman architecture
- Orange Theater
- France
- early 1st century CE
- One of the best preserved theater in all of the Roman Empire (including stage and orchestra)
- Covered in a marble veneer
- Contains evidence of velarium brackets
- Villa at Fishbourne
- England
- 75 CE
- Largest Roman villa in Britain constructed for client-king Togidubnus
- Strictly Roman design in a very cold climate
- Example of Romanization in Celtic culture
- Temple of Jupiter Heliopolitanus
- Baalbek
- 250 CE
- Largest sanctuary in the entire Roman Empire
- Contains a propylon, hexagonal forecourt, colonnade courtyard, and a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus
- Propylon and colonnade use Roman and Near-Eastern architecture associated with local god Ba’al
- Propylon columns are not equally distanced
- Temple of Hadrian
- Ephesos
- Mid 2nd century CE
- Contains widely spaced columns with Syrian arch
- Syrian arch appears as a border decoration when angled correctly
- Example of Roman architecture using provincial architecture
- Arch of Hadrian
- Athens
- 138 CE
- Boundary marker between old-town Athens and new-town Athens (constructed by Hadrian)
- Uniquely thin arch with frescoes and baroque decoration atop
- Doubles as imperial propaganda as people enter the newer part of the city
- Theater at Sabratha
- Libya
- late 2nd century CE
- Contains the best preserved scaenae frons in the Roman Empire
- Backdrop included 3 entrances and 3 tiered columns, made to represent either
- Odeum of Herodes
- Athens
- 160 CE
- A Roman roofed theater
- Most well-known odeum with extremely tall scaenae frons
- Circus at Leptis Magna
- Libya
- 2nd century CE
- Large flat structure used for chariot racing and triumphal processions
- Best preserved Roman circus
- Central spina is purposely crooked to assist charioteers turn
- Baths of Diocletian
- Rome
- 298-306 CE
- Largest baths at the time of its construction
- Frigidarium is the only surviving section of the bath (now a church)
- Immensely tall, open, and bright due to groin vaults
- Pool’s facade similar to a theater’s scaenae frons
- Baths of Diocletian Plan
- Rome
- 298-306 CE
- Largest baths at the time of its construction
- Frigidarium is the only surviving section of the bath (now a church)
- Immensely tall, open, and bright due to groin vaults
- Pool’s facade similar to a theater’s scaenae frons
- Basilica at Trier
- Germany
- early 4th century CE
- Imperial building used to emphasize the presence of the emperor
- Contained now destroyed wooden beams that held up a second floor
- Porta Nigra
- Trier
- early 4th century CE
- Unfinished black gate with an intended 4 floors, although only one section has 4
- Inscription claims the 3rd floor was built in 3 weeks
- Well preserved due to being a church and home of a martyr
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Flashcard (53)