Fundamental Neuroscience: Understanding Ourselves

A set of flashcards covering key terms and definitions relevant to the Fundamental Neuroscience course.

Neuroscience

The scientific study of the nervous system, including the brain.

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

A clear fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord.

Central Nervous System

The part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System

The part of the nervous system that includes all the nerves outside the central nervous system.

Ipsilateral

Referring to structures on the same side of the body.

Contralateral

Referring to structures on opposite sides of the body.

Neuron

A nerve cell that transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.

Synapse

The junction between two neurons where information is transmitted.

Meninges

Three protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord: dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater.

Dendrites

The part of a neuron that receives information from other neurons.

Axon

The part of a neuron that transmits information from the cell body to other neurons.

Motor Function

The process of planning and executing movement.

Sensory Information

Data received from sensory organs (like eyes, ears) about the environment.

Neuroplasticity

The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections.

Neurological Disorders

Disorders that affect the functioning of the nervous system.

Psychiatric Disorders

Disorders that affect mood, thinking, and behavior.

Dura Mater

The tough outermost layer of the meninges.

Arachnoid Mater

The middle layer of the meninges, situated between the dura mater and pia mater.

Pia Mater

The delicate inner layer of the meninges that closely adheres to the brain and spinal cord.

Nervous System

A complex network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.