wildlife, zoo, and exotic management

wildlife

free-living, non-domesticated animals

zoo

confined/exhibited, non-domesticated animals

exotic

confined/owned, non-domesticated “pets'“

old human-wildlife interaction

manipulating wild animal populations and their habitats for specific human needs

new human-wildlife interactions

directing or influencing animal and plant ecology to benefit human populations, animal populations, and habitats 

conservation

an effot to maintain and use natural resources wisely to ensure that resources will be available for future generations 

in situ

in animals natural environment

ex situ

i animals in confinement

u.s. fish and wildlife service

bureau within the department of the interior

mission: work with others to conserve, protect and enhance fish, wildlife, plants, and their habitat for the continuing benefit of the american people

function of the u.s. fish and wildlife service 

• enforce federal wildlife laws

• protect endangered species

• manage migratory birds

• restore nationally significant fisheries

• conserve and restore wildlife habitat such as wetlands

• help foreign governments with international conservation efforts

• distribute hundreds of millions of dollars, through our wildlife sport fish and restoration

wildlife rehabilitators

individuals, veterinarians and organizations that have been granted wildlife rehab permits or license in accordance with state laws (± federal laws)

MA division of fisheries and wildlife

permitted individuals in MA may legally possess and treat birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians

a special permit is required for deer, moose, bear, federally-listed species and venomous snakes

rehabilitate

provide care and treatment for sick, injured, debilitated, or orphaned wildlife for the purpose of returning animals to the wild in a condition which enables them to survive independent of human aid and sustenance 

wildlife rehab permit 

allows a person to care for distressed animals for a limited amount of time 

educational permit

allows a person to care for distressed animals for educational purposes 

do rehabilitators charge fees

they do not charge fees, but accept donations 

who can care for wildlife legally 

people who are licensed or permitted rehabilitators, or veterinarians who treat wildlife on a daily basis

laws/regulations/accreditations for zoos

pertaining to zoo animals at the international, federal, state and local levelss

convention on international trade of endangered species of wild flora and fauna (CITES)

international agreement between governments, written at a meeting of members of IUCN (world conservation union)

AIM of CITES

to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival

animal welfare act 1966

covers the procurement, handling, housing, treatment, and transportation of covered animals 

warmblooded animals that are on display, peform for the public, or are used in educational presentations mut be licensed with APHIS

who does the AWA cover 

regulates warm-blooded animals, except rats, mice, and birds bred for research 

lacey act

prohibited transportation of illegally captured or prohibited wildlife species across state lines

CWSA

amended the lacey act to include big cats

american zoo and aquarium association

• organization of zoos and related facilities

• regulates the zoo industry through voluntary standards 

zoo animal management plan

• nutrition

• housing/facilities/habitat

• reproduction

• health

• waste management

• behavior/welfare/enrichment

• handling/restraint

• records maintenance/analysis

handling/restraint in zoo management

free contact

portected contact

no contact

components of a zoo management plan

enrichment

sterotypies

self-injurious behavior

stereotypies

repetitive and apparently functionless behavioral sequences, such as pacing, sham-chewing, tongue-rolling, or vomiting and re-ingestion

self-injurious behavior

apparently volitional self-directed behavior causing injury, such as self-biting or feather plucking

species survival plan

• identify population management goals

• generate a comprehensive population studbook and a breeding and transfer plan

• make recommendations to ensure the sustainability of a healthy, genetically diverse, and demographically varied AZA population

what are species survival plans written by

TAGs or taxonomy advisory group