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03/05 1st Set of Notes From Mental & Psycial Health
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Abnormal Psychology
the study of unusual patterns of behavior, emotion, and thought, which may or may not be understood as precipitating a mental disorder. This field explores the causes, symptoms, and treatments of psychological disorders to understand and improve mental health.
Clinical Psychology
the branch of psychology that assesses, diagnoses, treats, and prevents mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders, utilizing various therapeutic methods and interventions to improve individuals’ mental health and well-being
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR)
comprehensive classification system used by mental health professionals to diagnose and categorize mental disorders, providing standardized criteria and descriptions for consistent use across clinical settings.
Classification systems are updated regularly to be responsive to new research and practice advances
International Classification of Mental Disorders (ICD) (11th edition)
global standard for reporting and categorizing diseases, including mental and behavioral disorders, used by healthcare professionals to diagnose conditions and track health trends worldwide
Deviation
significant departure from accepted social behaviors and cultural expectations, used as a criterion to identify and diagnose abnormal behaviors and psychological disorders in clinical settings.
Distress
intense and prolonged emotional suffering that impairs an individual’s ability to function in daily life, often used as a key criterion for diagnosis
Dysfunction
the disruption in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning that significantly impairs an individual’s ability to perform normal daily activities.
Danger
abnormal behavior becomes dangerous to oneself or others
This is the exception rather than the rule. (meaning it is not as common as other 3 D’s)
Biological Perspective
mental disorders are caused by physiological and genetic factors, focusing on how brain function, neurochemistry, and genetics contribute to psychological conditions.
Behavioral Perspective
suggests that mental disorders arise from maladaptive learned behaviors and associations, focusing on how inappropriate conditioning and reinforcement of behaviors contribute to psychological issues
Psychodynamic Perspective
mental disorders stem from unresolved unconscious conflicts and impulses, often originating in childhood, that influence current behavior and emotional states
Humanistic Perspective
emphasizes that mental disorders arise when individuals’ innate potential for self-fulfillment and personal growth is blocked often due to failures in achieving self-acceptance and meaningful personal goals
Cognitive Perspective
proposes that mental disorders are caused by maladaptive thought patterns, including dysfunctional beliefs, attitudes, and emotional responses, which negatively affect behavior and emotional well-being.
Evolutionary Perspective
suggests that mental disorders can arise from behaviors and mental processes that are maladaptive, reducing an individual’s chances of survival and reproduction in a given environment.
Sociocultural Perspective
mental disorders stem from maladaptive social and cultural relationships and dynamics, emphasizing the influence of societal norms and interactions on mental health.
Eclectic Approach
combining techniques and theories from multiple therapeutic orientations to tailor treatment to the unique needs of individual clients, enhancing flexibility and effectiveness in therapy
Biopsychosocial Model
psychological disorders result from a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, emphasizing the comprehensive and interconnected nature of influences on mental health.