chap1333

erythrocytes

erythrocytes

red blood cells transport nutrients and oxygen

leuokcytes

white blod cells, fight pathogens

thrombocytes

platelets; clot blood

Basophils

contain heparin (prevents clotting) and histamine (involved in allergic responses)

Eosinophils

phagocytic cells involved in allergic responses and parasitic infections

Neutrophils

phagocytic cells that accumulate at sites of infection

Monocytes

phagocytic cells that become macrophages and digest bacteria and tissue debris

Lymphocytes

control the immune response; make antibodies to antigens

-apheresis

removal

-blast

embryonic stage of development

-cyte

cell

-cytosis

abnormal level of cells

-emia

blood condition

-gen

producer

-globin

protein

-globulin

protein

-lytic

breakdown

-oid

resembling

-osis

abnormal condition

-penia

deficiency

-phage

to eat

-philia

love/attraction

-phoresis

transmission

-poiesis

formation

-stasis

controlling, stopping

phag/o

eat, swallow

poikil/o

varied, irregular

sider/o

iron

spher/o

globe, round

thromb/o

clot

leuk/o

white

mon/o

one, single

morph/o

shape, form

myel/o

bone marrow

neutr/o

neutral

nucle/o

nucleus

granul/o

granules

hem/o

blood

hemat/o

blood

hemoglobin/o

hemoglobin

is/o

same, equal

kary/o

nucleus

as/o

base

chrom/o

color

coagul/o

clotting

cyt/o

cell

eosin/o

red, dawn, rosy

erythr/o

red

Anemia

A deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin

Iron deficiency anemia

caused by a lack of iron, which is required for hemoglobin production. Most common form of anemia

Aplastic anemia

failure of blood cell production due to aplasia or absence of cell formation of bone marrow cells

Hemolytic anemia

reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction

Pernicious anemia

lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the bloodstream

Sickle cell

hereditary disorder of abnormal hemoglobin producing sickle shape erythrocytes and hemolysis

Thalassemia

an inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, leading to hypochromia

Hemochromatosis

excess iron deposits throughout the body, which can be toxic and destructive to organs.

Polycythemia vera

general increase in red blood cells

Hemophilia

excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of factors VIII and IX necessary for blood clotting. Patients often bleed into weight-bearing joints, especially the ankles and knees

Purpura

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin, often caused by drug interactions, vitamin deficiencies, or congenital disorders

Leukemia

an increase in cancerous white blood cells

Granulocytosis

abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood

Mononucleosis

an infectious disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes

Multiple myeloma

malignant neoplasm of bone marrow. Malignant cells (lymphocytes called plasma cells that produce antibodies) destroy bone tissue and cause overproduction of immunoglobulins, including Bence Jones protein

Apheresis

separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select part from the blood

Blood transfusion

whole blood or cells taken from a donor and infused into a patient

Bone marrow biopsy

microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor administered into a recipient

hematocrit

the percentage by volume of red cells in your blood.

hemoglobin test

tests amount of hemoglobin in blood

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

blood test that that can show if you have inflammation in your body

eosinophilia

a higher than normal level of eosinophils

ecchymoses

bruise

petechiae

pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding. The bleeding causes the petechiae to appear red, brown or purple.

megakaryotype

immature clotting cell

reticulocyte

immature red blood cell

pancytopenia

Deficiency of all blood cells

heparin

anticoagulant substance