Studied by 1 personmass number =
number of protons + number of nuetrons
number of protons is called
atomic number (found on periodic table)
when writing chemical formulas
it will be correct if the charges balance to zero (Example: Copper(I) Chloride is CuCl because Copper (I) has a charge of 1+ and Chloride has a charge of 1-)
For covalent compounds
-A compund with NO metals
-The prefix determines the subscript in the formula
-Add “ide” to the ending of the second element
-(Example: P3O6 = Triphosphorus Heoxide)
Prefixes for covalent compounds
-The prefix determines the amount of atoms present
-Mono: 1
-Di: 2
-Tri: 3
-Tetra: 4
-Penta: 5
-Hexa: 6
-Hepta: 7
-Octa: 8
**NOTE: Never use “mono” with the FIRST element
**NOTE: Avoid having two vowels in a row by dropping the vowel from the prefix, HOWEVER, never drop “i” from di or tri.
What’s a scientific hypothesis?
A possible explination for an observation
Heterogeneous Mixture
-DOES NOT look the same throughout (hint: hetero relatoships are a dude and a girl, different genders)
-It’s contents AREN’T evenly distributed
Examples of heterogeneous mixtures
Salad, Trail Mix
Homogeneous Mixture
-DOES look the same throughout (Hint: homo reationships are 2 of the same gender)
-Its contents ARE evenly distributed
examples of homogeneous mixtures
Vinigar, Gasoline, Miscible liquids (liquids that can be mixed wthout separating/ ispropyl alchohol & water)
Physical changes
something that effects only the phyical properties of a substance, the substance is still the same after the change
examples of physical changes
dissolving, breaking, cutting, melting/freezing/boiling (changing state)
chemical changes
when one or more substances are completly changed into a new substance with different properties
Examples of chemical changes
rusting, burning, rotting, tarnishing
metalliods
-Share properties with metals and non metals
-can conduct electrcity under some conditions
-found on stair step of periodic table
metals
-shiny
-ductile (wires)
-malleable (hammer into different shapes)
-good conductors of heat and electricty
-found on left side of periodic table
nonmetals
-not shiny
-not ductile
-not malleable
-poor conductors of heat and electricty
-mainly gases
-found on right side of periodic table
the nucleus of an atom
-very small compared to the overall size
-has almost all the mass of an atom
-positivly charged
-dense
isotopes
two atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of nuetrons
cation
positive ion
anion
negative ion
chemical compounds
atoms of one element combine with atoms of other elements
what are some signs that a chemical reaction has occured?
color change, solid (percipitate) forms, bubbles form, heat or flame is produced or absorbed
synthesis
when 2 reactants turn into one product
decomposition
when one reactant turns into two products
combustion
when CO2 and H20 are the produts
single displacement
when only one element is switched in the products
double displacement
when both sets elements are switched in the products
Note 
Flashcard (25)