CHM 111 Chapter 2 Practice - Exam 1

Periodic Table, Ions (Oxyanions/Polyatomic Ions), Nomenclature, Isotopes

In order, what are the common names for groups 1, 2, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table?

Alkali metals, alkaline metals, chalcogenides, halogens (halides), and noble gases.

What elements on the periodic table are found as diatomic gases?

N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂, Br₂, I₂, H₂

Empirical Formula

Simplest ratio of atoms present in a compound

Molecular Formula

Ratio of how many atoms of each element are in a compound

True or False

Cations form a positive charge.

True

True or False

Cations and anions are both ions.

True

True or False

Isotopes of the same element have the same number of neutrons and a different number of protons.

False

True or False

You can know the charge of a transition metal by simply looking at the periodic table.

False

Which transition metals have a consistent charge?

Ag⁺, Zn²⁺,Al³⁺

Ammonium

NH₄⁺

Chlorate

ClO₃^-

Nitrate

NO₃^-

Cyanide

CN^-

Hydroxide

OH^-

Sulfate

SO₄^2-

Carbonate

CO₃^2-

Phosphate

PO₄^3-

When an acid’s original anion ends in “-ide”, the “hydro-” prefix is added and the “-ic” suffix is adopted. Name these acids: HCl, HBr, HCN.

Hydroclauric acid, hydrobromic acid, and hydrocyanic acid.

When an acid’s original anion ends in “-ate”, the “-ic” suffix is adopted. Name these acids: HNO₃, HClO₄, H₃PO₄.

Nitric acid, perchloric acid, phosphoric acid.

When an acid’s original anion ends in “-ite”, the “-ous” suffix is adopted. Name these acids: HNO₂, HClO.

Nitrous acid, hypochlourous acid.

Neutral acids have all of their hydrogen. Ex: H₂SO₄. Acids that have lost a hydrogen use “molecule” form to list the number of hydrogen present. Name these acids: H₂PO₂^-, HSO₄^-.

Dihydrogen phosphate, hydrogen sulfate.