Upper extremity OIA muscles

Coracobrachialis

O: Coracoid process of scapula

I: Medial humerus

A: Shoulder: flexion & adduction

Deltoid

O: Clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula

I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

A: Shoulder: Abduction

Teres minor

O: Lateral border of scapula

I: Greater tubercle of humerus

A: Shoulder: lateral rotation & adduction

Supraspinatus

O: Supraspinous fossa

I: Greater tubercle of humerus

A: Shoulder: Abduction

Infraspinatus

O: Infraspinous fossa

I: Greater tubercle of humerus

A: Shoulder: lateral rotation & adduction

Subscapularis

O: Subscapular fossa

I: Lesser tubercle of humerus

A: Shoulder: medial rotation

Teres major

O: Inferior angle & Lateral border of scapula

I: Lesser tubercle of humerus

A: Shoulder: extension, adduction, medial rotation

Pectoralis major

O: Medial clavicle, Sternum, 1-6 Costal cartilage

I: Intertubercular groove of humerus

A: Shoulder: flexion, adduction, medial rotation

Pectoralis minor

O: Anterior ribs 3-5

I: Coracoid process of scapula

A: Scapula: depression, downward rotation, protraction

Brachioradialis

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

I: Styloid process of radius

A: Elbow flexion, Forearm: supination & pronation

Triceps brachii

O: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula & posterior humerus

I: Olecranon process of ulna

A: Elbow & Shoulder extension

Supinator

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: Anterior proximal radius

A: Forearm supination

Extensor carpi radialis longus & brevis

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: Base of 2-3 metacarpals

A: Wrist: extension & radial deviation

Extensor carpi ulnaris

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: Base of 5th metacarpal

A: Wrist: extension & ulnar deviation

Extensor digitorum

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: 2-5 middle & distal phalanges

A: Extension of 2-5 MCP & IP joints

Pronator quadratus

O: Distal portion of anterior ulna

I: Distal portion of anterior radius

A: Forearm pronation

Pronator teres

O: Medial condyle of humerus & coronoid process of ulna

I: Lateral mid radius

A: Forearm pronation

Flexor carpi radialis

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus

I: Base of 2 & 3 metacarpals

A: Wrist: flexion & radial deviation

Palmaris longus

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus

I: Palmar aponeurosis

A: Wrist flexion

Flexor digitorum superficialis

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus

I: 2-5 middle phalanges

A: 2-5 MCP & PIP flexion

Flexor digitorum profundus

O: Anterior ulna

I: 2-5 distal phalanges

A: 2-5 MCP & DIP flexion

Flexor carpi ulnaris

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus

I: Medial carpals (hook of hamate, pisiform, base of 5th metacarpal)

A: Wrist: flexion & ulnar deviation

Serratus anterior

O: Lateral ribs 1-8

I: Medial border of scapula

A: Scapula: protraction, upward rotation, depression

Latissimus dorsi

O: Posterior iliac crest & spinous processes of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

I: Intertubercular groove of humerus

A: Shoulder: extension, adduction, medial rotation

Rhomboid major & minor

O: Spinous processes C7-T5

I: Medial border of scapula

A: Scapula: retraction & elevation

Levator scapulae

O: Transverse processes C1-C4 vertebrae

I: Superior angle of scapula

A: Cervical: Ipsilateral rotation

Scapula: elevation & downward rotation

Trapezius

O: External occipital protuberance & spinous processes C1-T12

I: Lateral clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula

A: Cervical: extension, ipsilateral bending, contralateral rotation

Scapula: elevation, depression, retraction

Biceps brachii (long head)

O: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

I: Radial tuberosity

A: Shoulder flexion, Elbow flexion, Forearm supination

Biceps brachii (short head)

O: Coracoid process of scapula

I: Radial tuberosity

A: Shoulder flexion, Elbow flexion, Forearm supination

Brachialis

O: Anterior humerus

I: Ulna: ulnar tuberosity & coronoid process

A: Elbow flexion