AP HG Vocab U4

Characteristics of a State

Has Area, Permanent Population, Defined Borders, Sovereign Government (political authority of a state to govern itself), Recognized by other countries

Nation

group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity

State

politically organized body of people under a single government

Nation State

sovereign state whose citizens are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent

Multinational State

state with more than one ethnicity with traditions of self determinism

Multi State Nation

nation or cultural group that is divided across two or more state borders

Stateless Nation

group of people with a common political identity who do not have a country of their own

Autonomous Region

nation or cultural group within another state with a high degree of autonomy

Federal Governance

political system in which power is shared between national and subnational governments

Unitary Governance

state with a strong central government that retains most of the political power

Antecedent Boundary

boundary that was created before the present day cultural landscape developed

Consequent Boundary

boundary line that coincides with some cultural divide, such as religion or language; drawn as a consequence of something that happened

Subsequent Boundary

boundary drawn after a cultural landscape is already in place

Superimposed Boundary

boundary forcibly put on a landscape by outsiders

Relic Boundary

former boundary where the line is still visible but no longer used

Geometric Boundary

boundary that follows a geometric pattern; Usually latitude and longitude lines

Open Borders

Travel freely

Restricted Borders

Submit passport and visa at Customs

DMZ

region where no military forces or weapons are permitted; But on either side of that line there are lots of military forces and weapons

Congressional Districts

Voting Districts; Louisiana has 6

Redistricting

the drawing of new electoral district boundary lines in response to population changes

Gerrymandering

the drawing of electoral district lines to the advantage of a party or group

Supranational Organizations

give up sovereignty to follow rules for protection; economic, political, military, environmental

Territorial Zone

sovereignty covers airspace above and sea bed below for 12 nautical miles

Contiguous Zone

can enforce customs, immigration, and sanitation laws for 24 nautical miles

Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)

can control economic resources (oil) but can not prohibit legal passage for 200 nautical miles

High Seas

AKA international waters; beyond national jurisdiction

Shatterbelts

politically unstable region where differing cultural elements come into contact and conflict

Choke Points

strategic, narrow waterway between two larger bodies of water

Devolution

Breaking up of a state or power being passed down to a lower government

Centrifugal

forces that divided people and countries

Centripetal

attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state

MENA Climate

50% Desert

MENA Governments

Democracy, Theocracy, Monarchy

MENA Language

Arabic

MENA Religion

Judaism, Christianity, Islam

OPEC

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; Supranational organization that controls oil prices including Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela