NREMT - Trauma

Your 18-year-old patient is experiencing very warm, moist skin, with general weakness, dizziness, nausea, and a short interval of syncope following a 5K run on a very warm day

He denies injury, shortness of breath, or chest pain. Which of the following should you suspect?

Heat exhaustion

Patients between the ages of 20 and 40 are at the greatest risk of death from _____

Accidents

Bright red blood spurting is an Indication of ____

Arterial bleeding

The ONLY appropriate time to remove an IMPALED object is if it is interfering with ____

CPR

Under the selective spinal immobilization protocol, which three situations are indicated for spinal immobilization in a trauma patient?

Intoxicated patients, AMS , distracting injuries (referred pain}

Both ___ and ___ cause burns by disrupting cell membranes

Acids , Alkalis

A patient that has sustained a BLUNT FORCE trauma to his CHEST and exhibits DECREASED BREATH SOUNDS on the affected side should be treated as if they have a ____ until it is proven otherwise

simple pneumothorax

____ would present with crepitus and paradoxical chest wall movement.

Flail chest

During a ____ air escapes from injured lung tissue into the thoracic cavity

Pneumothorax

____ is a harsh mechanical upper airway sound that is the result of the normally smooth inner lining of the trachea being damaged

Stridor

Which three organs are most commonly injured in penetrating abdominal trauma

Liver , Small Bowel , Stomach

_____ are more commonly associated with dislocations than with a simple fracture

Deformity

Tips:

Deformity is more commonly associated with dislocations because the joint surfaces lose their normal alignment, often resulting in visible misalignment or abnormal positioning of the limb

What are the main factors that influence an individual's vulnerability to heat emergencies

Medications & Age

What is the term for a partial or complete severing of the spinal cord

Transection

______ occurs when a projectile, such as a 9mm bullet, rips through the body, leaving behind a permanent wound channel while also creating a temporary shock wave that rapidly stretches surrounding tissue

Cavitation

_____ is a common complication of a neck injury, the high pressure vessels in the neck can continue to bleed into the tissue space, even after external homeostasis is achieved

Hematoma

When the upper chest or neck veins are severed, there is a much higher chance that air may be sucked into them and give the patient an ___

Air embolus

In pediatric trauma patients, which is the most common cause of bradycardia

Hypoxia

A patient being assessed for spinal trauma complains of tenderness along their spine.

Tenderness at which area would be the LEAST concerning

L3 - L4

Three most common causes of spinal injury

MVA , Falls , Marine Accidents

What symptoms is one of the FIRST to appear in a patient who is beginning to suffer from

mild blood loss secondary to an injury

Increased Heart rate

What is the chief cause of

bradycardia in INFANTS

Hypoxia

____ is an open abdominal wound that allows part of the

patients bowel to exit the cavity

and become exposed to the outside environment.

Evisceration

_____ organs bleed heavily when ruptured

Solid organs

A trauma patient exhibiting bruising around the eyes is experiencing ____

Periorbital ecchymosis

What element of the Revised Trauma Score is weighted the heaviest in determining if a patient needs transport to a high-level trauma center

The Glasgow Coma Score

What will be the nature of pain if the entire dermis is injured, as in a full-thickness burn

Little to no sensory function

When approaching a motionless patient, always check ____

Responsiveness

At what GCS should an urgent intubation be considered ?

8

____ organs are associated with infection

Hollow organs

______ are the LEADING CAUSE of spinal injuries

MVA’s

_____ burns require transport

directly to a burn center

5% BSA Full thickness

Which anatomical structure is exclusively located in LLQ

Sigmoid colon

_____ is when the ligament is stretched too far or torn

Sprain

When you assess a YOUNG WOMAN with Sudden severe unilateral LOWER abdominal pain you should suspect ?

Ovarian Pathology

Which organs are located in the UPPER quadrants of the abdomen?

Pancreas , Liver , Stomach , Spleen

Pale skin , abdominal contusion or explained shock would suggest ___

Intraabdominal injury

_____ bleed profusely due to the increased vascularity in the scalp

Scalp injuries

Jaundice , RUQ Pain , Diarrhea following meals is consistent with which condition

Bile duct obstruction

Your first priority on the scene of any accident or injury is ____

Safety of yourself and crew members

_____ is a collection of blood under the skin and is likely to appear after blunt force or a contusion to the site is indicated.

Hematoma ; Contusion

What are the two key signs of eye injuries

Redness & Tears

When determining whether a patient is stable or unstable, look for ____

AMS , Chest Pain , Hypotension, Hypo-perfusion

Your partner states your patient is NOT hemodynamically stable.

This indicates your patient is ?

Hypotensive

Why is gentle pressure to the ribcage used in the assessment of chest trauma

Identify chest wall stability

You are called to a patient with diffuse abdominal pain, a fever of 101.7, hypoactive bowel sounds, diffuse abdominal tenderness with severe pain in his lower right quadrant, and diffuse rigidity. What is the likely etiology of his symptoms?

Bacterial infection

What is the mechanism of injury in a patient who has been exposed to the compounds contained within a car battery

Acid burn

Drooping of the eye and a reduced range of motion implies a fracture of the _____

Lower orbit

Which type of burns is most likely to cause cardiac arrhythmias ?

Electrical burns

Which physiologic alteration in.

pregnancy may make it difficult to distinguish shock in maternal trauma

Tachycardia