Study Hints for Unit 3

Tinker v. Des Moines

student wear arm bands and got suspended, got ruled unconstitutional

Schenk v. US

ruled espionage act unconstitutional

Gideon v. Wainwright

incorporate 6th amendment to states

Engle v. Vitale

no school prayer

McDonald v. Chicago

require owners to register their guns and banned handguns

Brown v. BOE

ended segregation

Roe v. Wade

overturn last year

before made abortion legal

Yoder v. Wisconsin

allowed Amish students to not have to go to school after 8th grade because of religious practices

ruled that it violated the free exercise clause

Mapp v. Ohio

incorporate 4th amendment onto states

New Jersey v. TLO

allowed school search student’s bags

exclusionary rule does not apply to school

New York Times v. US

ruled that media can publish things as long as it is not a threat to national security

Roth v. US

ruled obscenity was not protected by 1st amendment

later overturned by Miller v. California

Abington School District v. Schempp

made bible reading in school unconstitutional

New York Times v. Sullivan

prove that in a libel case that the things published is actual malice

sharing something that is false doesn’t mean it is libel

Plessy v. Ferguson

establish separate but equal

Korematsu v. US

Japanese American was forced to go to internment camps, he sued and lost because it was during the time of war, it did not show racial prejudice

2nd amendment

right to bear arms

Guantanamo Bay

violated 6th and 8th amendment

Exclusionary rule

band government (federal and state) to use illegally seized evidence to court

Prior Restraint

censorship imposed before a speech or newspaper is made public; usually presumed unconstitutional

Libel

published false statement that hurts one’s reputation

US v. Lopez

gun in a school zone is federal crime

Wall of separation

separation of church and state

Free exercise clause

able to practice religion without government intervention as long as it is not illegal and doesn’t hurt public

Establishment clause

forbids the government from establishing religion

Title 9

protects people from discrimination based on sex in education programs or activities that receive federal financial assistance

Affirmative action

institutional effort to diversify

increase the proportion of women and other race in workplace, university of admission

Voting Rights Act of 1965

allowed federal and Congress to oversee state election in the South, making sure allowing people to vote, ended literacy test

Civil Rights Act of 1964

prohibited discrimination in public accommodations

Selective Incorporation

incorporate provision of the Bill of Rights onto states through 14th amendment

14th amendment

equal protection under law and due process

strengthen due process and 5th amendment

Due process and the 5th amendment

due process, self-incrimination, double jeopardy, and eminent domain