Geospatial tech exam 2

The term used for a computer-based set of hardware and software that captures, analyzes, manipulates, and visualizes spatial information is:

GIS

A ___________ represents, simplifies, or generalizes reality.

model

Which country implemented CGIS, the first known use of the term GIS?

Canada

In which type of data set is there no fixed zero point?

interval data

According to the Federal Geographic Data Committee, metadata for GIS data should ideally include all of the following, EXCEPT:

financial information

If an attribute is used to store numbers, but differences between those numbers are not meaningful (e.g. telephone numbers), what type of data is being used?

nominal

The information handled by GIS is primarily:

spatial

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the digital line graphs (DLGs) created from the U.S. Geologic Survey?

houses

When adapting the discrete object view of the world to a data motel, which of the following is generally used to represent two-dimensional objects?

polygons

Which of the following is NOT a form of attribute data in GIS?

cardinal data

The term used to describe how vector objects connect to one another (in terms of adjacency, connections, containment, and so forth) independent of the objects’ coordinates is:

topology

Suppose two data tables have a common field. That common field is known as the:

key

You wish to combine two non-spatial tables using a common field. The operation to do this is called a:

join

The creation of vector objects through sketching or tracing representations from a map or image source is called:

digitizing

Which of the following is NOT used by GIS systems that utilize the discrete object view?

angles

Into which category would a person’s weight fall?

ratio data

Suppose you want a set of data that eliminates everything that the data layers have in common. Which type of Boolean operator would you use?

XOR

Buffers created around line features will result in:

polygons

Which type of overlay eliminates the areas that the layers have in common?

symmetrical difference

A site suitability analysis where two or more raster layers are added together is an example of:

map algebra

Which would result from the following compound query? INC2013>35000 OR MEANINC2013>28500

union

The original version of a map of the United States shows each state’s boundaries. Another map is created from the original showing just the outline of the entire United States, eliminating the state boundaries. Which type of operation has been performed?

dissolve

Using spatial analysis, Dr. John Snow traced the source of which disease to London’s water pumps?

cholera

Which Boolean operator results in a negation?

NOT

In which type of overlay does the new layer show only the common features of the input layers?

intersect

GIS queries are composed in which computer language?

SQL

Which of the following is NOT a type of data classification commonly used by GIS in creating choropleth maps?

median

Cartography is the art and science of:

map making

Most maps have a graphical device that looks like a compass pointing in one specific direction. Which direction?

north

Suppose a map uses the scale 1:24, and the unit used is the inch. On this particular map, what does two inches represent?

4 feet

You are visiting Seattle and receive a map from the Seattle Visitors’ Bureau showing the streets of downtown Seattle and points of interest. You are looking at a:

reference map

The data classification method sometimes referred to as Jenks optimization:

natural breaks method

A map that shows the percentage of the population in each U.S. state that was born in a different country is an example of a:

thematic map

Which of the following is NOT a principle of effective map layout?

It should leave fairly large areas empty to give readers’ eyes a rest.

When discussing map design, what does RF stand for?

representative fraction

Vector polygon objects are composed of grid cells.

false

By its nature, GIS is 100% computer-based.

true

In general, a computer model represents, simplifies, or generalizes real-world information.

true

GIS is unable to use non-spatial data

true

The continuous field view of the world is best modeled in a GIS using the vector data model.

true

A large-scale map typically shows a large geographic area.

false

The color scheme used by computer monitors is RGB, not CMYK.

true

A photo of 300 DPI will have lower resolution than a photo of 72 DPI.

false

The simplification of representing items on a map is referred to as cartographic generalization.

true

A map’s visual hierarchy refers to the decisions the map makers have made regarding the relative importance of various map elements.

true

For clearer graphics and better resolution, it is better to save your map as a TIFF file rather than a JPEG file.

true