Chemistry - Electrochemistry

What is a Galvanic Cell?

A cell on which chemical energy is converted to electrical energy.

Define Oxidation.

Loss of electrons OR an increase in oxidation number.

Define Reduction.

Gain of electrons OR a decrease in oxidation number.

What is an Oxidising Agent?

A substance that is reduced/gains electrons.

What is a Reducing Agent?

A substance that is oxidised/loses electrons.

What is the function of the Anode?

The electrode where oxidation takes place.

What is the function of the Cathode?

The electrode where reduction takes place.

Define Electrolyte.

A substance whose aqueous solution contains ions

What is an Electrolytic Cell?

A cell in which electrical energy is converted into chemical energy.

Define Electrolysis.

The process in which electrical energy is used to produce a chemical change.

What is the function of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell?(2)

To connect the two half-cells to complete the circuit. To maintain ionic neutrality in each half-cell.

What is the Standard Hydrogen Electrode used for?

used as a reference to measure standard electrode potential by definition

How is the cell potential (E°cell) of a galvanic cell calculated?

By calculating the emf (electromotive force) based on the spontaneous redox reactions

What are the Standard Conditions for measuring electrode potential?

1. Temperature: 25°C (298 K)

2. Concentration: 1 Mol. dm-³solutions of ions

3. Pressure: 101.3 kPa for gases