digestive system organ functions

bio 20

sublingual gland

produces saliva (swallowing

submaxillary gland

produces saliva (eating)

liver

detoxifies chemicals; make bile

hepatic duct

carries bile from liver to gallbladder and SI

gallbladder

stores bile for digestion

cystic duct

connects gallbladder to bile duct

pancreatic duct

carries digestive enzymes from pancreas to SI

duodenum

first part of the SI. Where all the enzymes and bile are combines

transverse colon

absorbs fluids and salt

ascending colon

absorbs water and nutrients from digested food

ileocecal valve

controls flow between small and large intestine

cecum

start of LI; absorbs fluids

appendix

may be a vestigial feature

illeum

final part of the SI; absorbs vitamins

anus

opening where waste exits

rectum

stores waste before its expelled

sigmoid

connects descending colon to the rectum; stores waste

descending colon

moves waste toward rectum

jejunum

middle part of SI; absorbs nutrients

pancreas

produces insulin and digestive enzymes

pyloric region

lower part of the stomach

pyloric valve

regulates passage from stomach to duodenum

stomach

breaks down food with acids and enzymes

cardiac region

upper part of stomach

cardiac valve

prevents food from flwoing back into the esophagus

pharynx

passage for food and air

parotid gland

larges salivary gland; produces aliva

epiglottis

flap that covers the windpipe when swallowing