Electromagnetic Induction 13.1

These flashcards cover key concepts in electromagnetic induction, focusing on generating electricity and factors affecting EM induction, as well as applications related to generators, transformers, and their functions in the national grid.

What is electromagnetic induction?

Electromagnetic induction is when a voltage is induced in a conductor or a coil when it moves through a magnetic field or when a magnetic field changes through it.

What is the generator effect?

The generator effect is the process of inducing a current in a conductor when it moves through a magnetic field.

What factors affect the size of the induced potential difference in EM induction?

1. The speed at which the wire, coil, or magnet is moved. 2. The number of turns on the coils of wire. 3. The size of the coils. 4. The strength of the magnetic field.

What happens to the induced potential difference when the speed of the conductor increases?

Increasing the speed increases the rate at which the magnetic field lines are cut, thereby increasing the induced potential difference.

How does the direction of induced potential difference change?

The direction of the induced potential difference is determined by the orientation of the poles of the magnet.

What is a step-up transformer?

A step-up transformer increases the potential difference of a power source by having more turns on the secondary coil than on the primary coil.

What is a step-down transformer?

A step-down transformer decreases the potential difference of a power source by having fewer turns on the secondary coil than on the primary coil.

What does the transformer equation relate?

The transformer equation relates the potential differences and the number of turns on the primary and secondary coils.

What role do transformers play in the national grid?

Transformers increase the voltage before transmission across the national grid and decrease it before it is used in homes.

How does the current affect power loss in transmission lines?

The current in the wires heats them, which results in energy loss. Lowering the current through high voltage transmission reduces power loss in the cables.