psych - week 7 - group processes

group identity

individiual identity + group identity

tuckman model (1965)

5 stages of group development

1. forming

2. storming

3. norming

4. performing

5. adjourning

dynamic relationship process between group members

1. evaluation

2. commitment

3. role transition

group norms

attitudes and behavior uniformities that define group membership and differentiate between groups

festinger, schachter, back’s theory of group cohesiveness (1958)

coordinate action towards production and performance, establish quality of interaction, avoid dysfunctional behaviors

belbin’s 9 team roles (1998)

people:

• ressource investigator

• team worker

• coordinator

action:

• shaper

• completer finisher

• implementor

thinking:

• plant

• specialist

  • monitor evaluator

drive theory of zajonc (1965)

presence of others → arousal → increasing in performing dominant respons → if correct (social facilitation) → if incorrect (social inhibition)

social facilitation

an improvement in the performance of easy or well earned tasks and a deterioration in the performance of difficult/ poorly earned skills in the presence of others

schmitt (1986)

audience affects you in achieving certain facts

social loafing - ringelmann effect (1913)

not doing as much work because you know others are working on the task

strobe and diehl (1994)

groupthink syndrome: mode of thinking in highly cohesive groups in which the desire to teach unanimous agreement to override the motivation to adopt proper rational decision making procedures

8 symptoms of groupethink syndrome

type l:

• overestimates of the group

• illusions of invulnerability

• unquestioned belief in the morality of the group

type ll:

• rationalization of warnings

• stereotyping opponents

type lll:

• pressures towards uniformity

• self censorship

• illusions of unanimity

• direct pressure to conform

• self appointed mind guards