Early Civilizations

city-state

area of land with its own government and laws

civilization that had city-states:

what were the city-states?

what did they give us?

Mesopotamia

Babylon (Hammurabi's Code), Uruk, Sumer (cuneiform)

2 rivers of Mesopotamia

tigris and euphrates

what were Mesopotamian rivers like?

what did this factor lead the mesopotamians to become?

unpredictable

led them to be pessimistic of life, afterlife, and Gods

social structure of mesopotamia

social classes, patriarchal, specialized jobs

important tech in mesopotamia

sails, cuneiform (1st writing), ziggurats

culture in mesopotamia

polythiestic, pessimists

diet of a mesopotamian

wheat and barley, agrarian people

trade with mesopotamia

trade with indus, by land, sea, and rivers

what were 4 issues discussed in Hammurabi's code

social, military, economic, and role of women

best protected early civilization

egypt / nile river valley

what was the Nile protected by

mountains, deserts, rivers

what is the gift of the nile

brings Egyptians resources, trade, transportation, crops

what was the Nile river like?

what did this trait of the river lead Egyptians to become?

predictable

optimistic of life, afterlife, Gods

nilometers

showed the Egyptians had good math and technology skills

what early civilization was most self sufficient?

nile river valley

natural resources of Nile river

reed and papyrus

was the irvc well protected?

yes, but they had the NW corner open allowing for invaders

what weather conditions did the irvc have to endure?

how did they handle this?

monsoon winds (wet and dry)

they built precise living for natural AC

2 rivers of irvc

indus river(main)  and ganges river(holy)

social / political structure of irvc

had no social classes or political structure

tech of irvc

urban planning, plumbing system, little weapons, seals

language of irvc

undecipherable

where do we see urban planning

harappa and mohenjo daro in the irvc

downfall possibilities of irvc

invaders, earthquake-moving, famine

shang river valley rivers

huang he(yellow), yangtze

what did Huang he have around it

yellow silt- loess

what was irvc and Shang separated by

himalayan mountains

how did a family work in Shang river valley?

filial piety, very patriarchal- men always came first and were respected more

what kind of govt did Nile have

theocracy

social and religious status in nile

pyramids, patriarchal

religion in irvc

poolythiestic- no definite religion

art of Shang dynasty

bronze, silk, relgious art

language of Shang dynasty

own language variation based on ideas

religion of Shang dynasty

spirits of family ancestors, sacrifices, oracle bones

irrigation

water to help farming/crops

patriarchal

ruled by men

stratification

division of classes

social order

where you are put on social scale

superior/inferior

being better/worse than others

theocracy

govt where priests rule in the name of god

city-state

area of land with its own govt and laws

urban planning

creating area by grid system by NS and EW lines

loess

yellow silt seen in Shang dynasty

hierarchy

system where on is ranked above another