Unit 9: Globalization - Study Guide

Choose one new mode of communication and explain how it reduced the problem of geographic distance.

A mode of communication that reduced the problem of geographic distance is a cell phone. A cell phone allowed one to communicate with people far away by sending signal to cell towers that get picked up my the other person. Cell phones and mobile phones helped solve the problem of long distance communication.

Choose one new mode of transportation and explain how it reduced the problem of geographic distance.

A mode of transportation that reduced geographic distance is the airplane. The airplane helped passengers travel from country to country hundreds of times faster than a boat or by car.

Choose one new energy technology and explain how it raised productivity and the production of material goods.

Technological innovations allowed man to convert potential energy into useable energy which helped reduce our carbon footprint and also start converting to renewable energy instead of fossil fuels(non-renewable). An example of this is oils and natural gas made energy cleaner, and more renewable than that of wood and coal.

Explain the role of birth control in creating more opportunities for women in the 20th century.

China implemented the one-child family policy, which lasted from 1980 until 2014. in order to control the population. China's efforts to limit its population growth represented a radical intrusion of state power into the private lives of its people. It was accompanied by a massive propaganda effort.

The government of India sterilized some 11 million men and women between 1975 and 1977, using a combination of incentives and compulsion to gain consent.

What was the Green Revolution?

A 20th-century attempt to increase food resources worldwide involved the use of fertilizers and pesticides and the development of disease-resistant crops.

Name two positive impacts of the Green Revolution.

The green revolution led to high productivity of crops through adapted measures, such as increased area under farming, double-cropping, which includes planting two crops rather than one, annually, adoption of HYV of seeds, highly increased use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides, improved

Name two negative outcomes of the Green Revolution.

Although the Green Revolution had many economic and social benefits, it was widely criticized for causing environmental damage. Excessive and inappropriate use of fertilizers and pesticides has polluted waterways, poisoned agricultural workers, and killed beneficial insects and wildlife.

Describe one medical innovation that has increased the ability of humans to survive and live longer lives.

Polio Vaccine helped protect humans from polio, a deadly virus that harmed the world in the early 1950s. Mosquito Control decreased malaria and yellow fever cases. SmallPox was eradicated in 1977.

Describe a disease associated with poverty and how (and where) it has threatened human populations.

The HIV/AIDS pandemic from the first reported case in 1981 caused cause harm to the world. Over 37 million people lived with HIV in 2016 and 10s of millions had perished from its consequences. Unlike influenza, HIV/AIDS is transferred mostly through sexual contact, tainted blood products, or intravenous drug dealers sharing needles.

Describe an epidemic disease of the 20th century and how it was a threat to human populations.

The influenza pandemic was the second major global pandemic that destroyed the world. With three waves, influenza rushed across the globe in 1918 and 1919, carrying demobilized soldiers, refugees, and other uprooted individuals coming home from World War I, it was the greatest epidemic in human history. Between 50 and 100 million people died as a result of the epidemic, which was five to ten times the number of individuals who died on the battlefields of World War 1.

Describe a disease that exists because of increased human longevity.

Alzheimer's is dementia that is characterized behaviorally by anterograde amnesia (can remember the past but cannot form new memories). Visual memory is also impaired, leading to confusion with regard to orientation. Alzheimer's is a brain disorder which messes with memory, thinking, and behavior. Most of those who have Alzheimer's are in their older years.

Describe a medical advancement that has improved human longevity.

Advancements in science and medicine for blood transfusions, pasteurization, and antibiotics, allowed humans to clean, replace, sanitize or destroy, diseases and other germs. This skyrocketed the mortality rate all over the world and had immense population booms.

Answer the learning objective: How have environmental factors affected

human populations in the 20th and 21st centuries?

Environmental factors affected the human populations in the 20th and the and 21st centuries in both good and bad ways. Though resources are now easier to get your

hands on, tons of waste has been produced as an affect

Describe the ways that human activity has caused environmental

degradation over the 20th and 21st centuries.

Over the years deforestation and decline of air quality is a result of human advancement. New inventions often lead to the depletion of those resources causing a huge impact on the earth and the limited resources.

Describe the debate about the nature and causes of climate change. What human-created factors have contributed to this debate?

The release of greenhouse gases contributes to climate change and ozone depletion. Though some believe this is perfectly natural, these pollutants weren't on earth before us. We are making our own waste and soon to be making our own grave.

Review: what is a free-market economy?

A free-market economy is in which companies compete and people, buyers, and sellers, make their own economic decisions with only a limited role for government; an economic system in which decisions on the three key economic questions are based on voluntary exchange in markets

What role did the government play in the economies of many nations in the early 20th century?

The government played a huge role in economic relief for poorer countries

How and why did this change in the late 20th century?

Describe the economic policies of Ronald Reagan.

Describe the economic policies of Margaret Thatcher in Britain.

Describe the economic policies of Deng Xiaoping in China.

Describe the economic policies of Pinochet in Chile.

What is a knowledge economy?

Where are knowledge economies located today?

Where does most industrial production and manufacturing exist in the late 20th/early 21st century? Why?

What is a transnational corporation?

A transnational corporation was central to the acceleration of economic globalization, which produce goods or deliver services simultaneously in many countries. (ex. Toyota)

How have transnational corporations changed the global economy?

What is the World Trade Organization (WTO) and what are its goals?

The World Trade Organization(WTO) is an international body representing 149 nations and charged with negotiating the rules for global commerce and promoting free trade.

What is NAFTA and what are its goals?

NAFTA or otherwise known as the North American Free Trade Agreement was an agreement enacted in 1994 which enabled a free trade zone for Mexico, Canada, and the United States. In 2020, NAFTA was replaced with USMCA ( United States - Mexico - Canada Agreement).

What assumptions about race, class, gender, and religion were challenged

in the 20 and 21st centuries?

Why were these assumptions challenged during this time period and not earlier?

Describe the ways in which access to education became more inclusive

during this time period.

What are some positive consequences of global integration?

What are some negative consequences of global integration?

Describe changes in social roles during this time period.

Describe continuities in social roles during this time period.

What is globalization?

A process that involves the entire word and results in making something worldwide in scope. The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.

How did popular and consumer culture become more global in the 20th century?

How did globalization change culture over time?

Describe the role of one global brand in changing culture.

Describe one type of entertainment and how it reflects the influence of a

globalized society.

What is the Anti-IMF and what were their complaints about the

International Monetary Fund?

Why have countries like China created their own social media?

Summarize how some groups have rejected increasing globalization.

Why have some groups rejected increasing globalization?

Explain how and why globalization changed international interactions

among states.

Explain the extent to which science and technology brought change in the period from 1900 to the present.