L2 PerDev Flashcards <3

Personal Development

A process in which persons reflect upon themselves , understand who they are, accept what they discover about themselves, and learn (or unlearn) new set values, attitudes, behavior, and thinking skills to reach their fullest potential as human beings.

Human Development

Is one of the most stunning processes in life.

Human Development

The hall mark of such a process of change.

• Heredity

• Environment

• Maturation (natural brain progression)

Human Development Influenced By:

Development

Neil J. Salkind (2004) defines it as the progressive series of changes that occur in a predictable pattern as the result of interactions between biological and environmental factors

Neil J. Salkind (2004)

He defines development as a progressive series of changes

1. Physical Development

2. Cognitive Development

3. Psychosocial Development

Aspects of Human Development

Physical Development

Which covers the growth of the body and the brain, motor, and sensory skills, and even physical health.

Cognitive Development

Which covers our capacity to learn, to speak, to understand, to reason and create

Psychosocial Development

Which includes our social interactions with other people, our emotions, attitudes, self identity, personality beliefs and values.

Human Development

And By ______, it means changes that take place in the life of Human Beings as a result of many factors.

1. Physical

2. Mental

3. Emotional

4. Social

5. Behavioral

6. Spiritual

A scientific study of Human Development attempts to understand how humans grow in different aspects:

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

Is a popular psychologist whose theory of human developmet and personality sparked great interest, as well as controversy, due to its biological theory that focuses on the psychosexual development of an individual.

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

He believed that: early experiences are very important in Human Development.

Erogenous zones, pleasure areas

According to Freud, satisfaction of the ______ or _______ is important in development.

1. Oral Stage

2. Anal Stage

3. Phallic Stage

4. Latency Stage

5. Genital Stage

Five (5) Stages of Psychosexual Development

Oral Stage

Approximate period: Birth to 18 months

Oral Stage

Pleasure Area: Mouth

Oral Stage

Oral Pleasures: Ex. Thumb sucking

Oral Receptive

• Smoking

• Drinking

• Overeating

Oral Aggresive

• Gossiping

• Nail Biting

• Cursing

Anal Stage

Approximate Period: 2-4 years

Anal Stage

Eliminating Retaining Feces

Anal Stage

In this stage the favorite word of the child would be “No!”

Anal Stage

Pleasure Area: Anus

Anal Stage

Trait Outcomes:

1. Anal Retentive: obsession with cleanliness/hating mess, perfectionist/ obsessive compulsive

2. Anal Expulsive: messy/disorganized, too generous in adulthood

Anal Retentive

• Obsession with cleanliness or hating mess

• Perfectionist/obsessive compulsive

Phallic Stage

Approximate Period: 4-6 years

Anal Expulsive

• Messy/disorganized

• Too generous in adulthood

Phallic Stage

Approximate Period: 4-6 years

Phallic Stage

Pleasure Area: Genitals

Phallic Stage

Trait Outcomes:

1. Oedipus Complex

2. Elektra Complex

Oedipus Complex

• Boys having sexual desire for their mother

• Boys see their father as rival for affection

Elektra Complex

Girls having sexual orientaton

Latency Stage

Approximate period: 7th year - onward

Latency Stage

Sexual urges remain repressed

Latency Stage

Focus: Physical and Academic Skills

Latency Stage

Trait Outcomes:

• Boys relating to other boys

• Girls relating to other girls

• The child developers closeness with parents if conflicts are resolved

• Sexual urges are inhibited

Genital Stage

Approximate Period: 12 to puberty onwards

Genital Stage

Sexual urges are awakened

Genital Stage

Opposite Sex (relationships, crushes, etc)

Genital Stage

Trait Outcomes:

1. Called puberty stage, this is the period of adolescence

2. Sexual interest is awakened