What is Chemistry?

Chemistry

the study of matter and the reactions it undergoes (how does it behave/change)

Matter

anything that has mass and takes up space

all elements have… (even oxygen, nitrogen, etc)

mass

weight v. mass

weight can change based on the gravitational force in your location; mass is unchanging

Earth’s gravity (average)

9\.8 N

Weight formula

W=m x g (weight=mass x gravity)

Organic Chemistry

study of matter that contains carbon (all living things)

Inorganic Chemistry

study of matter that does not contain carbon (metals, minerals)

Biochemistry

the chemistry of living things (krebs cycle, cell transport)

Physical Chemistry

physics in chemistry (electrons, wavelengths)

Analytical Chemistry

chemistry of high precision (detailed)

Theoretical Chemistry

use math+models to understand chemical concepts

Define the Scientific Method

systematic approach to solving a problem

Gaileo

Credited with making the method

Fransis Bacon

Credited with making the steps

Step 1

Define a problem

The problem needs to be…

testable

testable means there is ONE…

variable

testable also means the answer is not…

yes or no

Step 2

Research

Pure research

Knowledge for knowledge sake; curiosity

Applied research

in order to solve a problem

Step 3

Hypothesis

Define Hypothesis

prediction of what the answer to your question could be

Can you prove a hypothesis correct?

No. You can only support it

Step 4

Expirement

How many trials should there be of an experiment to avoid error?

3-5 trials

Step 5

Collect and Analyze Data

Qualitative Data

descriptions, observations, or behaviors (2-3 descriptive words at least)

Quantitative Data

numbers/measurements

Graph types

bar, line, and pie

bar graph shows…

comparison

line graph shows…

relationship between the independent+dependent variable

pie chart shows…

comparison of the part to the whole

Step 6

draw a conclusion

step 7

share results

model

a visual representation of a scientific pheonomena

variables

a quantity or condition that can have more than one value

constant variable

stays the same/is made to be the same; is not tested (ex: time)

control variable

comparison of the tested to the norm

independent variable

variable that you change

dependent variable

variable that changes due to the independent variable (results)

Base metric unites (volume/mass, length, time, and temp.)

1. Grams (m/v), meters (l), seconds (t), Celsius (te)

What is the SI unit

International System of Units; made in 1960’s France

SI uses ______ (temp)

Kelvin

Absolute Zero

Molecules stop moving (0 Kelvin)

C degrees to Kelvin degrees

C+273.15

Kelvin degrees to Celsius degrees

K-273.15

Density

a physical property of matter and is defined as the amount of mass per unity of volume

Density formula

D= m/v

What is water displacement

Water displacement is a scientific principle that states when an object is submerged in water, it displaces an amount of water equal to its own volume. This principle is used to measure the volume of irregularly shaped objects by observing the change in water level before and after submerging the object.