Chapter 5 Biology

What are the 3 most important characteristics of a population?

• geographic distribution

• population density

• growth rate

Geographic distribution-

amount in an area

Population Density-

number of individuals per unit area

Growth Rate-

number of individuals either increasing or decreasing

What are the three factors that can affect population size?

• Number of Births

• Number of Deaths

• Movement

What is the difference between Immigration and Emigration?

I- moving in E- moving out

Exponential Growth

Increasing at a constant rate

Logistic Growth

follows S shaped line

Carrying Capacity

largest # of individuals it can hold

Limiting Factor-

causes population growth to decrease

What is the difference between Density Dependent and Independent

• give one example for each

DD- depends on population size EX: Competion DI- doesn´t depend on population size EX: Weather

competition

fighting for resources

Predation

predator - pray relationship

parasitism

parasite attacking host

Disease

out of homeostasis

What went wrong with DDT?

harming eagles eggs

What happened with the Asian Beetles?

made ladybugs endangered

biosphere

where all life exists

Demography

scientific study of human populations

TRUE OR FALSE: Birthrates, death rates, and the age structure of a population help predict why some countries have high growth rates while others don´t

TRUE

Demographic transition

change in births and deaths

TRUE OR FALSE: Current projections suggest that by 2050 our population will reach 40 billion

FALSE (projections at 10 billion)

TRUE OR FALSE: Human behaviors have affected the biosphere

TRUE

What has hunting and gathering caused

mass extinctions

What are mass extinctions

many animals are killed at one time

What is farming

growing organism for food or profit

What did agriculture lead to

government, laws, and writing

What is monoculture

planted with same crop year after year

Green Revolution

using resources which great;ly increase the world´s food supply

What does the increase in the food supply that increases pests lead to?

pollution

what are fossil fuels

coal, oil, natural gas

Renewable resources

can get back in lifetime

Nonrenewable resources

can´t get back in our lifetime

Sustainable Development

way of using natural resources without depleting them

Erosion

moving sediment

Weathering

breaking down rocks and soils

Desertification

turning productive areas into less productive areas

Deforestation

loss of trees

Aquaculture

raising aquatic animals for food

Smog

mixture of chemicals haze in atmosphere

Pollutant

harmful material

What are the wetland factors

• habitat

• filters water

• control water volume

biodiversity

amount of species in an area

Species defintion

group of organisms that can reproduce

Extinction

species disappears from all or part of its range

endangered

risk of extinction

Biological Magnification

pollutant gets worse at higher tropic level

Invasive species

new species that takes over

conservation

trying to save

Ozone layer

layer of O3 in atmosphere

What is something good about the ozone layer

absorbs UV radiation

What is the difference between global warming and greenhouse gases

Global warming- humans greenhouse gases- natural