Geo Ore

Aluminum

8% of the Earth's crust, dispersed and not profitable in scattered form.

Magmatic processes

Enrichment processes where crystals crystallize from magma and fall to the bottom of a magma chamber.

Hydrothermal veins

Mineral deposits formed from superheated water that precipitates materials into fractures as it cools.

Disseminated ore

Ore that is spread out and not concentrated enough to mine profitably.

Oceanic processes

Processes occurring at mid-ocean ridges involving hot magma and gas emissions that can result in mineral deposits.

Black smokers

Underwater structures emitting mineral-rich hot water from mid-ocean ridges.

Placer deposits

Concentrations of dense minerals deposited in streams due to water flow.

Precipitates

Minerals that are deposited when water evaporates, common in desert lakes.

Bauxite

An aluminum ore that is formed through weathering processes, often found in tropical regions.

Coal grading

The classification of coal based on its carbon content and properties, ranging from peat to anthracite.

BTU (British Thermal Unit)

A measurement of energy defined as the energy needed to raise one cubic centimeter of water by one degree Celsius.

Natural gas

A fossil fuel formed from organic materials that burns clean and is often found along with oil.

Fracking

A method of extracting oil from shale by injecting high-pressure water, sand, and chemicals to fracture the rock.

Crude oil

Unrefined oil extracted from the ground that is processed into various petroleum products.

Permeability

The ability of a rock to allow fluids to pass through its pore spaces.

Reservoir rock

Rock that contains oil and is permeable enough to allow oil to flow through.

Trap

A geological structure that prevents the upward migration of oil, allowing it to accumulate.

Surface mining

Extraction of minerals by digging large open pits to reach ore deposits.

Underground mining

Extraction of minerals from beneath the