Studied by 2 people
Dominant
Refers to an allele that masks the effect of a recessive allele paired with it in heterozygous individuals.
Genotype
The particular set of alleles that is carried by an individual's chromosomes
Heterozygous
Having two different alleles at the same locus on homologous chromosomes.
Homozygous
Having two identical alleles at the same locus on homologous chromosomes.
Locus
A particular location on a chromosome.
Phenotype
An individual's observable traits
Recessive
Refers to an allele with an effect that is masked by a dominant allele on the homologous chromosome.
Law of Segregation
A diploid cell has two copies of every gene that occurs on its homologous chromosomes. Two alleles at any locus are distributed into separate gametes during meiosis.
Law of Independent Assortment
During meiosis, alleles at one gene locus on homologous chromosomes tend to be distributed into gametes independently of alleles at other loci.
Codominance
Effect in which the full and separate phenotypic effects of two alleles are apparent in heterozygous individuals.
Incomplete Dominance
Inheritance pattern in which one allele is not fully dominant over another, so the heterozygous phenotype is an intermediate blend between the two homozygous phenotypes.
Multiple Allele System
Gene for which three or more alleles persist in a population at relatively high frequency.
Epistasis
form of gene interaction where alleles of one gene mask or conceal the allele of another.
Alleles
Forms of a gene with slightly different DNA sequences; may encode different versions of the gene's product.
Hybrid
Heterozygous individual.
Pedigree
Chart of family connections that shows the appearance of a phenotype through generations.
Polygenic Inheritance
when multiple genes are involved in the phenotypic expression of a single trait; usually results in a phenotypic spectrum
Purebred
Offspring from true breeding, having same phenotypes as parents.
