cnideria- marine science

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What type of symmetry does cnideria have?

radial

Radial Symmetry

Similar parts of the body are arragned and repeated around a central axis

95%

Cnidarians are composed of __ % water

oral; aboral

Cniderians have an ___ surface where the mouth is and a ___ surface on the opposite side

No; nerve nets

Do cniderians have brains? If not, what do they have instead?

Nerve Nets

groups of nerve cells that are able to communicate with one another

Anthozoa, Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa

Classes of Cnideria

Anthozoa

A cnidarian class consisting of corals and sea anemones

Hydrozoa

A cniderian class consisting of hydra

Scyphozoa

A cniderian class consisting of most jellies

Cubozoa

A cniderian class consisting of box jellies

they live in groups to benefit more than they would individually

Cniderians are colonial organisms, meaning…

Have a centrally located mouth surrounded by tentacles that are used to capture and handle food by stinging and immobilizing prey

How do cniderians feed?

Nematocysts

Stinging cells that are released from tentacles that harpoon and immobilize prey

Polyp and Medusa

Two basic forms of cnideria

Anthozoa, Hydrozoa

Classes of Polyp

Sessile, tentacles face upward

Characteristics of Polyp

Sea anemone, coral

Examples of Polyp

Scyphazoa, Cubozoa

Classes of Medusa

Sexually; release gametes into the water, and fertilization occurs, creating a new polyp attached to a substrate

How do polyp cniderians reproduce?

Sexually; Medusae separate from the mature polyp and become free-swimming

How are medusia cniderians reproduced from polyp cniderians?

Budding

What is a method of asexual reproduction for cniderians?

Tangle prey in tentacles

How do medusae capture prey?

Have belly muscles that contrast to move its body upward; currents move it horizontally

How do mesusae move freely?

Medusa

Form of cnideria that is free-swimming with tentacles facing downward

Portuguese Man-O-War

Part of the hydrozoa class; a combination of many organisms working together, found in warmer waters, and grows up to 165 feet long

Siphonophore

an organisms made up of individual organisms

Box Jellyfish

Part of the Cubozoa class; deadliest cniderian due to deadly sting and is found in Northern Australia and Southeast Asia

Sea Anenome

Part of Anthozoa class; has a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with clownfish and its tentacles are triggered by the slightest touch; found worldwide

Clownfish gare covered in mucus that protects them from the anenome’s sting, so the clownfish find shetler in the tentacles while the anemone feed off of the fish’s scraps

How does the symbioitic relationship between sea anenomes and clownfish work?

Coral

Part of Anthozoa class; secrete calcium carbonate at their base that form rigid structure of coral reefs and the polyp is found at the top of the reef structure

Hydra

Part of Anthozoa class; only grow to 10 mm long and live in freshwater; can reproduce sexually or asexually (budding)

Passive predators

What kind of predators are polyp and medusa classified as?

Squat Anemone

A giant green sea anemone that grows to 25cm in diameter and is capable of compressing its body to be smaller

White Sea Anemone

Reaches a heigh of 30 cm and has fine white tentacles that reach into the current to grab prey

Gastrozooids

Feeding polyps

Gonozooids

Reproductive polyps