middle ages history flashcards

among us sus baka uwu

313 CE

When Constantine legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire

476 CE

The end of the Roman empire (no definite date, just counted as when the last west Roman emperor was deposed)

590 CE

Pope Gregory becomes Pope

793 CE

When the Vikings started raiding (Lindisfarne)

800 CE

Coronation of Charlemagne by Pope Leo (Christmas Day)

843 CE

Signage of the Treaty of Verdun

**Apostles**

Twelve of Jesus’s pupils who wrote some of the Gospels

**The Gospels**

 The first four books of the New Testament of the Christian Bible

**Constantine**

The Roman emperor who announced an end to the persecution of Christians(he saw a cross - a symbol of Christianity - when he was praying for divine help to win his war, and he was victorious)

**Edict of Milan**

The edict in which Constantine declared Christianity to be one of the religions approved by the emperor

**Patriarch**

 the head bishop of Constantinople, would meet and talk with the Pope, the head bishop of Rome

**Bishops**

 a senior member of the Christian clergy, usually in charge of a diocese and empowered to confer holy orders (oversee a religious district/make someone a priest or monk) 

**Benedict**

created the Monte Cassino monastery and the traditional Benedictine values which consisted of ample sleep and food, constant prayer, and hard labor

**Franks**

A germanic peoples who lived in western and central europe

**Counts**

A head of one of hundreds of regions of Charlemagne’s empire

**Missi Dominici**

Charlemagne’s messengers. Literally “the lord’s messengers”

**Pope Leo**

the Pope that Charlemagne had saved from being killed

**Einhard**

a frankish scholar and servant to Charlemagne who wrote his biography

**Carolingian** **Renaissance**

 a renaissance carried out by Charlemagne that preserved and reconstructed many ancient latin manuscripts and put them into Carolingian miniscule

**Carolingian** **miniscule**

The new writing style invented by Charlemagne to replace the hard to read roman writing

**Treaty of Verdun**

The treaty that divided the Frankish Empire into three

**Berserk**

a frenzied scandinavian warrior who may or may not have taken drugs

**Longships/drakken**

The fast and versatile ships used by the vikings

**Fief**

The gift of land from a lord

**Lord**

The possessor and giver of land

**Vassal**

The receiver of land who fights for the lord

**Bloodletting**

When “professionals” let someone bleed some blood out to “balance their body fluids once more”

**Humors**

body fluids (there were four, fire (yellow bile or choler), water (phlegm), earth (black bile) and air (blood)