LAWS 101 Fill in the blanks

Flashcards created based on key concepts from the lecture notes for review in preparation for the exam.

The three branches of government are __________, __________, and __________.

Executive, Legislative, Judiciary

The executive branch __________ and __________ the law.

Administers and enforces

The legislative branch is responsible for __________.

Making laws

The judicial branch is responsible for __________ and __________ parliamentary law.

Interpreting and applying

The two branches that can make laws are the __________ and __________.

Judiciary and Legislature

The legislature is also known as __________.

Parliament

The judiciary is also referred to as __________.

The courts

The executive is another name for __________.

The government

The most separate branch of government is __________.

The Judiciary

The courts within the judicial branch include the __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Supreme court, court of appeal, high court, district court

The leader of the government is the __________.

Prime minister

Positivist law is law made by __________.

Institutions

The interpretivist tradition sees law as __________ for behavior accepted as binding by the community.

Standards

Tikanga as law refers to values, principles, and norms in te ao Māori to determine __________ actions.

Correct

The separation of powers is a series of __________ and __________ within the legal system.

Checks and balances

Judicial independence means the courts are committed to not be __________ by other parts of the legal system.

Influenced

Judicial hierarchy allows judges to be __________ and more __________.

Efficient, effective

Parliamentary sovereignty represents the __________ form of law in our system.

Highest

No other form of law can __________ or __________ parliamentary sovereignty.

Displace, overrule

An act is a piece of _______________ that parliament has passed into law.

Legislation

The declaration of inconsistency relates to the Bill of Rights Act and has __________ on the problematic act until parliament changes it.

No impact

The legislature provides a forum for scrutiny of the government and holding it __________.

Accountable

The sovereign's power is limited as they are the __________ head of state and true power lies in __________.

Ceremonial, parliament

The judiciary may not decide cases if there are __________ ramifications or if there is a __________ to the case.

Political, relationship

Roman law evolved from the people and developed into a __________ code.

Written

In 1066, __________ the Conqueror reigned.

William

Henry II reigned from __________ to __________.

1154, 1189

Henry II implemented the __________ system.

Writ

Equity evolved to address law's __________ of __________.

Lack, flexibility

Equity is applied by deciding cases according to __________ rather than __________ rules.

Justice, inflexible

Civil law relies heavily on __________ codes.

Written

Common law relies more on __________-based decision making in courts.

Precedent

The Magna Carta was signed in __________.

1215

The Magna Carta introduced that the king must rule in consultation with __________.

Others

The Bill of Rights was enacted in __________/____________.

1688, 1689

The Bill of Rights grants free speech to members of __________ while in parliament.

Parliament

The Treaty of Waitangi was signed on __________.

February 6th, 1840

NZ proclaimed sovereignty on __________ by Governor __________.

21 May 1840, Hobson

NZ became self-governing in __________.

1947

A Westminster Democracy features a chain of __________ with everyone reporting to the next person.

Accountability

A bill becomes law when it is signed by the __________ or __________.

Sovereign, governor general

Our parliament is __________, meaning it has only one chamber.

Unicameral

The four roles of the courts include maintaining social order and resolving civil disputes between __________.

Individuals

Judicial activism refers to judges overtly making __________ decisions.

Political

The doctrine of precedent states that 'like cases ought to be treated __________.'

Alike

Judicial independence is maintained as judges are appointed through an __________, apolitical process.

Independent

The judicial hierarchy is important for its system of __________ and checks and balances.

Appeals

The ability to appeal is important as it allows higher courts to __________ lower court decisions.

Double-check