OCR B Salters Bonding and Structure

Vocabulary flashcards summarizing key concepts from the OCR B Salters Bonding and Structure lecture.

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a covalent bond.

Pauling Scale

A scale developed by Linus Pauling to quantify the electronegativity of elements.

Polar Bond

A bond that occurs when two atoms with different electronegativities are bonded together.

Instantaneous Dipole-Induced Dipole

A weak intermolecular force that occurs when an atom or molecule temporarily becomes polarized.

Permanent Dipole-Permanent Dipole

An intermolecular force that exists between polar molecules with a permanent dipole.

Hydrogen Bonding

The strongest type of intermolecular force that occurs when hydrogen bonds with highly electronegative elements like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.

Covalent Bond

A bond formed when two atoms share electrons.

Non-Polar Molecule

A molecule that has equal distribution of charge, usually due to symmetrical structure.

Boiling Point

The temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas.

Intermolecular Forces

Forces that occur between molecules, affecting properties like boiling and melting points.