Topic 1 b - The periodic table

Who created the periodic table

Dmitri Mendeleev

In the early 1800s how were the elements in the periodic table arranged

Atomic weight

Until recently what were the two main ways to categorise elements

Physical and chemical properties

Atomic weight

Why in the 1800s were the elements organised by atomic weight

Protons, neutrons and electrons had not been discovered by then so there was no such thing as atomic number

Why were early periodic tables not complete

There were undiscovered elements

Why were elements placed in the wrong group in early periodic tables

Elements were in order of atomic weight and wasn’t taken into account their properties

What did Mendeleev predict

New elements

Roughly how many elements are there

100

What order are the elements in the modern periodic table arranged i n

Atomic number

Where are metals found in the periodic table

on the left

Where are non - metals found in the periodic table

on the right

What do elements with similar properties form

columns

What are the vertical columns called

groups

What does the group number tell you

The number of electrons in the outer shell

How many electrons in the outer shell do the elements in group 7 have

7

What are the rows called

periods

What are most elements

Metals

What type of ions do metals form

Positive

What type of ions do non - metals form

negative

What do atoms react to form

full outer shell

Name the physical properties of metals ( name 3 )

High melting and boiling point

Good conductor of heat and electricity

Shiny

hard

High density

Malleable

Ductile

Name the physical properties of non-metals ( Name 3 )

Low boiling and melting point

Insulator

Dull

Brittle

Low density

Not malleable

Not ductile

Where are transition elements in the periodic table

In the middle

What type of metals are group 1 metals

Alkali metals

Are alkali metals soft or hard

soft

What happens to the reactivity as you go down group 1

The reactivity increases

What happens to the melting and boiling points as you go down group 1

They get lower

What are group 7 elements called

The halogens

As you descend down group 7 what happens to the reactivity

Less reactive

As you descend down group 7 what happens to the boiling and melting points

Higher boiling and melting points

What are group 0 elements called

The noble gases

Do group 0 elements react

No because the elements have a full outer shell so they don’t need to react to get a full outer shell

How many electrons to elements in group 0 have in their outer shell excluding helium

8

What colour are the elements in group 0 at room temperature

They have no colour as they are colourless