Chemical Bond
the force that holds two atoms together
Valence electrons
the electrons in an atom’s outermost orbital
Cation
any atom or group of atoms with a positive charge and are listed first
Anion
any atom or group of atoms with a negative charge and are listed first
Octet rule
states that atoms loose/gain/share electrons to acquire a stable configuration of a noble gas
Chemical formula
shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the smallest representative unit of the substance
Formula unit
the lowest whole-number ration or ions in a compound
Monatomic ion
an ion formed from only one atom
Polyatomic ion
an ion formed from more than one atom
Oxidation number/charge
the positive or negative charge or a monatomic ion
Oxyanion
a polyatomic ion composed of an element, usually a nonmetal, bounded to one or more oxygen atoms
Ionic compounds
compounds composed of metal cations and nonmetal anions
Covalent bond
compounds composed of two nonmetals
Binary compound
compounds containing only two elements
Ternary compound
compounds composed of three or more different elements
Molecule
smallest neutral unit of a covalently bonded substance that has the properties of the substance
Molecular compounds
molecules whose formula represents the actual number of atoms bonded together in the molecule
Oxyacid
any acid that contains hydrogen and an oxyanion
Molecular formula
shows the kinds and numbers of atoms present in a molecule
Binary acids
acids composed of hydrogen and a nonmetal