18th Amendment
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages
19th Amendment
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) extended suffrage to women in federal or state elections.
Jim Crow Laws
Limited rights of blacks. Literacy tests, grandfather clauses and poll taxes limited black voting rights
Poll Tax
a tax of a fixed amount per person and payable as a requirement for the right to vote
Literacy test
A test administered as a precondition for voting, often used to prevent African Americans from exercising their right to vote.
Plessy v. Ferguson
Supreme Court ruled that segregation public places facilities were legal as long as the facilites were equal
Progressivism
the political orientation of those who favor progress toward better conditions in government and society
Muckraker
a journalist who uncovers abuses and corruption in a society
Settlement house
a center in an underprivileged area that provides community services
Jane Addams
the founder of Hull House and settlement house movement, which provided English lessons for immigrants, daycares, and child care classes
Direct primary
an election where voters directly select the candidates who will run for office
Initiative
process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot
Referendum
The practice of letting voters accept or reject measures proposed by the legislature
Recall
gave citizens a chance to remove an elected official from office before the person's term ended
Florence Kelley
reformer who worked to prohibit child labor and to improve conditions for female workers
Temperance movement
campaign to limit or ban the use of alcoholic beverages
Suffrage
the right to vote
Carrie Chapman Catt
Conservative leader of the NAWSA from 1915 - 1920 and pushed the suffrage movement nation-wide
NAWSA
National American Woman Suffrage Association; founded in 1890 to help women win the right to vote
Alice Paul
Radical suffragist supporting protests against President Wilson and formed the National Woman's Party
NAACP
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909 to work for racial equality
Theodore Roosevelt
President who reformed government through the Square Deal
Meat Inspection Act
1906 - Laid down binding rules for sanitary meat packing and government inspection of meat products crossing state lines.
Pure Food and Drug Act
the act that prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure of falsely labeled food and drugs
Conservation
The protection of natural resources
Antitrust Legislation
law intended to promote free competition in the market place by outlawing monopolies
Reform
To change for the better
Regulations
The formal instructions that government issues for implementing laws.