Chemistry H Naming Compounds Quiz

What is an oxidation number?

The combining capacity of an element

What does every element in a compound have?

Every element in a compound has an

oxidation number

What must oxidation numbers always add to?

When writing formulas, oxidation numbers

must add to ZERO

What do oxidation numbers give you when they add to zero?

When oxidation numbers sum to 0, they give

you the whole number counting ratio of

elements in your compound

What is group one's charge?

+1

What is group two's charge?

+2

What is group thirteen's charge?

+3

What is group fourteen's charge?

+4/-4

What is group fifteen's charge?

-3

What is group sixteen's charge?

-2

What is group seventeen's charge?

-1

What is group eighteen's charge?

0

What are groups 12-13's charges?

+2 or +3

Does group eighteen usually combine?

No, it doesn't

What do electrons surrond?

Electrons surround the nucleus of an atom

What do electrons exist in?

Exist in ENERGY LEVELS

What are valence electrons?

The electrons available to be lost, gained, or

shared in the formation of chemical compounds

How may many group elements form ions?

By gaining or losing electrons, many main group

elements form ions with a complete octet

What is octet rule?

Chemical compounds tend to form

so that each atom, by gaining, losing, or sharing

electrons, has an octet (8) of electrons in its

highest energy level

What are monoatomic ions?

Ions formed from a single atom are known as

monoatomic ions

Do all main groups form ions?

Not all main group elements make ions

Does Group 14 elements make ions?

Group 14 (4a) elements do not make ions

They form covalent bonds.

Can all elements form ions and reach the full octet?

Other elements form ions, but do not reach a

full octet:

The transitional elements can form more than one

charge

What are cations?

Atoms that lose electrons

What are anions?

Atoms that gain electrons

How are cations identified?

Cations are identified by their element name

How are anions named?

Anions are named by dropping the ending of

the element's name and adding -ide to the

root name

What are examples of anions?

Oxide

Nitride

Fluoride

Chloride

What are binary ionic compounds?

Compounds composed of two different elements

What must happen to charges in binary ionic compounds?

The total number of (+) and (-) charges must

be equal

What is the criss-cross method?

Write symbols for ions (cation 1st)

Cross over charges to form subscripts for the

other ion

Check subscripts, then divide by the largest

common factor to give the smallest whole #

ratio

What is the nomenclature of binary ionic compounds?

Nomenclature (naming) of Binary ionic

compounds involved combining the

compound's (+) and (-) ions

What are the rules for naming binary ionic compounds?

Cation is named first

Anion follows (-ide) ending

What are polyatomic's charge?

All are negatively charged (except for ammonium

NH4)

What are the majority of polyatomics considered as?

Most are oxyanions (contains oxygen - except

ammonium)

What must you know while naming polyatomic ions?

The most common ion is given the ending -ate

The ion with one less oxygen atoms is given the -ite

ending

NO2- Nitrite

NO3- Nitrate

What can two elements sometimes form?

Sometimes two elements form more than two

oxyions

What prefixes are given to oxyions?

The anion with one less oxygen than the -ite version

is given the prefix hypo-

The anion with one more oxygen than the -ate

anion is given the prefix per-

ClO- → hypochlorite

ClO2- → Chlorite

ClO-3 → Chlorate

ClO4- → Perchlorate

What are the polyatomic exceptions?

OH- → hydroxide ion

CN- → Cyanide

NH4+ → ammonium

What happens when there is more than one polyatomic present?

When more than one polyatomic ion is

present in a compound, the formula for the

entire ion is surrounded in parentheses.

Al2(SO4)3

Aluminum Sulfate