mycology topic 2

habitat of basidiomycota

• marine to terrestrial

• tropical to temperate to artic

reproductive structures of basidiomycota

either lack sporocarps or have highly developed fruiting bodies

growth forms of basidiomycota

yeasts to filamentous

yeasts

single cell fungi

nutritional modes of basidiomycota

• saprotrophic

• biotrophic

• necrotrophic

symbioses of basidiomycota

• mycorrhizae

• insect symbionts

• plant & animal pathogens

• parasites

examples of basidiomycota

• mushrooms

• polypores/shelf fungi

• jelly fungi

• puffballs

• birds nest fungi

• stink horns

basidium

• plural: basidia

• defining structure of basidiomycota

• site of meiosis (sexual recombination)

• gives rise to basidiospores

• located on the hymenium, specialized regions or tissues (e.g. gills, pores, etc.)

basidiospores

• haploid fungal spores, or reproductive cells

• products of meiosis

• located on the hymenium, specialized regions or tissues (e.g. gills, pores, etc.)

phylogeny

based on natural evolutionary relationships

morphology

based on structure and form

taxon (taxa)

taxonomic unit in the biological system of classification; group or rank in a biological classification

clade

grouping that includes a common ancestor and all the descendants (living and extinct) of that ancestor

agaric

any fleshy, stalked fruiting body where the hymenium formed on gills

mushroom

an agaric basidiocarp

toadstool

an inedible (or poisonous) basidiocarp of an agaric