English; Composing an Effective Paragraph

Paragraph

A group of sentences organized to discuss a single topic.

Topic Sentence

The sentence that presents the main idea of the paragraph.

Supporting Sentences

Sentences that elaborate on the topic by providing details or evidence.

Concluding Sentence

The sentence that restates the main idea or provides a summary at the end of the paragraph.

Unity

The principle that all sentences in a paragraph discuss one central idea.

Coherence

The principle that ensures the ideas in a paragraph are logically connected.

Development

The principle that ensures a paragraph describes, elaborates, explains, or supports its topic sentence.

Process Pattern

A method of paragraph development that outlines steps or procedures in chronological order.

Narration

A pattern of development that tells a story or recounts a series of events.

Description

A pattern of development characterized by sensory details and vivid imagery.

Exemplification

A pattern of development that provides specific examples to clarify or support a topic.

Comparison/Contrast

A pattern that examines similarities and/or differences between two subjects.

Cause and Effect

A pattern that explains reasons for occurrences or results of actions.

Classification

A pattern that categorizes a topic into different sections or types.

Transitional Devices

Words or phrases used to connect ideas and maintain the flow of a paragraph.