(Part 3) MTAP- OTHER BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS

1st Group of other major blood group system, with

most antibodies that are IgG

KELL

Kell genes are located at chromosome

Chromosome 7

What are the Blood groups ENHANCED by enzyme treatment?

RHest.In. Peace Lewis the Kidd

Rh

I

P

Lewis

Kidd

What are the Blood groups DESTROYED by enzyme treatment?

DaMN, X ko si Chido-Rodger

Duffy

MN (except S)

Xg

Chido-Rogers

What are the Blood groups NOT AFFECTED by enzyme treatment?

KELL + others who are not belong to the mnemonics

How many antigens does KELL blood groups system has?

36 antigens (Latest version of Harmening)

32 (old version)

K - K1 - KEL 1 is named as?

Kell

k - K2 - KEL 2 is named as?

Cellano

Kpa - K3 - KEL 3 is named as?

Sutter

Sutthree

Kpb - K4 - KEL 4 is named as?

Matthews

Ku - K5 - KEL 5 is named as?

Universal ag in Kell system

Jsa - K6 - KEL 6

Penny

Jsb - K7 - KEL 7

Rautenberg

What are the Obsolete Kell antigens?

K10 and K15

Which has a higher prevalence or incidence, K/K1 or k/K2?

k/K2 (Cellano) >90% of population

k (cellano) prevalence/incidence in population is how many percent?

>90% of population

K (Kell) prevalence/incidence in population is how many percent?

< 9% of population

What antigen ranks second to the D antigen in terms of

immunogenicity?

K antigen

D > K > c

Jsa antigen of KELL BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM is more common in?

a. Black

b. White

a. Black (20%)

Kell antigens have disulfide-bonded regions on the glycoproteins and are covalently linked with what antigen?

Kx antigen (Without Kx there is no Kell)

It is the Precursor antigen for KELL blood group

Kx

Kell antigens are destroyed by what reagent?

sulfhydryl reagent

glycine acid-EDTA

Kell Ag (None), Kx antigen (↑)

K0 (Knull)

Kell Ag (None), Kx antigen (Absent)

Mcleod Phenotype

Only______________can produce the anti-Ku antibody.

Kell null

What antibodies are produced in persons having K null?

Anti-Ku (the only phenotype that has Anti-Ku Ab)

(all universal antigen of Kell is wala sayo) na "ANTI"

It is the blood type wherein there is the absence of the Kx antigen

McLeod phenotype (XK0) - NO XK1 gene

The antibody that may be unqiuely found on the serum of McLeod person is

anti-KL (Anti-Kx + Anti-Km)

When Kell Blood group is treated w/ DTT (sulhydryl reagent) what is the result of the antigen expression?

Kell Ag (None), Kx antigen (↑)

Kell Ag becomes NONE - because it is DESTROYED by the DTT rgt.

NO KELL Ag = ↑ Kx antigen

What bacterias are K+?

○ Morganella morganii

○ Streptococcus faecium

Kell - patient has no previous history of blood transfusion or pregnancy but produces ANTI-K antibodies. How is this possible?

Exposure to Morganella morganii (K+) and Streptococcus faecium (K+)

What gene codes for the Kx Antigen?

XK1 gene

What RBC morphology is associated with Mcleod syndrome?

Acanthocytes

What KELL phenotype is associated w/ Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)?

McLeod Phenotype

McLeod Phenotype is associated with?

a. Acanthocytes

b. Reticylocytosis

c. Echinocytosis

d. a and b

e. a and c

d. a and b

Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) is diagnosed by?

Nitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT) Dye Reduction Test

The genes of the Kidd System is found in what chromosome?

Chromosome 18

the KIDD is 18 years old

What is the effect of ENZYME treatment to Kidd blood group?

Enhanced

Kidd Blood Group has how many antigens?

3 ag

K I D (d)

It is the most common Kidd Blood Types among the

Whites

Jk(a+b+)

It is the rarest Kidd Blood Types among the Whites

& Blacks

Jk(a-b-) (Jk null)

What Kidd phenotype is common in Filipino, Chinese, and Polynesian Population (and other Asianpopulations)

Jk(a-b-) (Jk null)

It is the silent gene of Kidd System

jkjk

It is the Inhibitor gene of Kidd System

In(Jk) gene

Board Exam Question:

It is the common cause of Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (HTR)

Anti-Jka and Anti-Jkb

What microorganism produces Jkb-like Specificity

Micrococcus and Enterococcus faecium

What microorganism produce Autoanti-Jkb

Proteus mirabilis

What antibody is found in some individuals who are Jk(a-b-)

Anti-Jk3

True or False

The Anti-Jk3 is only found on patients with a Kidd Null or Jk(a-b-) Phenotype

True -para makaexpress ka ng JK3, need mo ng either Jka or Jkb gene

So definitely, when you LACKED Jka or Jkb [Jk(a-b-)], wala kang Jk3 ,so you will be having "ANTI"-Jk3

GETS?

Duffy gene is located in what chromosome?

Chromosome 1

Duffy Blood group is named after Mrs. Duffy who undergone blood transfusion due to her illness of what?

Hemophilia A

What is the effect of ENZYME treatment to Duffy blood group?

Destroyed

member of DaMN, X ko si CHIDO-RODGER

What DUFFY phenotype is common in Black Population?

Fy(a-b-) Duffy Null - I'm that Nega Nega

What Blood group serves as receptor for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi (malarial parasite)

Duffy Antigens

What DUFFY phenotype is known to be RESISTANT in certain malarial parasites (Plasmodium knowlesi & Plasmodium vivax)?

Fy(a-b-)

Fya or Fyb is a receptor of malarial parasite, pag wala ito (-) edi walang receptor yung mga merozoites

What is antigen of DUFFY blood groups is an Obsolete Antigen?

Fy4

A gene that codes weakened Fyb Antigen

Fyx gene

What reaction shoud you expect if Duffy Antibodies reacts w/ Enzyme Treated RBCs?

no reaction - kasi DESTROYED siya ng enzyme

What DUFFY antigen can be a RECEPTOR for P. vivax and

P. knowlesi aside from Fya and Fyb?

Fy6

The Lutheran BGS was discovered in a patient with what underlying disease?

Lupus

Most common Blood Type among the Lutheran System

Lu(a-b+) - kasi high incidence ang Lu b

It is the gene responsible for the third type of Lutheran Null which is the Recessive X-Linked Inhibitor Type

Xs2 gene

True or False

Lewis Antibody can cause HDN/HTR?

False - IgM siya

True or False

Duffy Antibody can cause HDN/HTR?

True - for HTR / but not common cause of HDN -IgG siya eh

True or False

Lutheran Antibody can cause HDN/HTR?

True-IgG siya eh (but IgM rin siya)

The effect of enzyme treatment to Lewis Blood Group is?

Enhanced

Type 1 (FUT1)

H Gene

Le b antigen can't be produced without this substance

H soluble substance

Le Se H RBC phenotype

Le (a- b+)

le sese H RBC phenotype

Le (a- b-)

le Sese H RBC phenotype

Le (a- b-)

H in secretion

le Se hh RBC phenotype

Le (a- b-)

What is the reasons why LEWIS blood group is significant?

Lewis antibodies in the patient can be neutralized by the Lewis antigen found in the donor’s plasma.

True or False

LEWIS antibodies are Naturally Occuring meaning you don't need to be exposed to the antigen before getting those antibodies/

True - just like ABO

What lewis antigen serves as ligands for Cancer Cells

Sialyl Lea and Lex

These individuals are more prone to coronary artery disease (CAD)

Le(a-b-)

What Blood Group System has only 1 antigen?

I BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (I)

"I" stands for INDIVIDUAL

For the small i, it is placed on Blood group

collection what?

Blood group collection 207

What can neutralized Anti-I antibodies?

breast milk -breast milk contains the I substance

Aside from Breast milk, another way to remove the reactivity of a cold antibody like anti-I / IgM anti-I antibody is?

Prewarming

What happen to I antigen when treated with ENZYME?

Enhanced

What Other Blood groups Antibodies maybe found on the serum of the patients with Cold Agglutinin Disease or Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections

Anti-I

What Other Blood groups Antibodies sometimes associated with infectious mononucleosis which is caused by epstein barr virus (EBV)

Anti-i

What Other Blood groups Antibodies can be found on patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Anti-It

Patients with high levels of I antigens may

cause or lead to?

HEMPAS aka Chronic dyserythropoietic anemia type II

LKE and Px2 are not part of the P1Pk blood group system but rather they are part of what blood group collection?

blood group collection 209

P1 Phenotype Antigens and Antibodies

P1 P Pk / None

P2 Phenotype Antigens and Antibodies

P Pk / Anti-P1

P1k Phenotype Antigens and Antibodies

P1 Pk / Anti-P

P2k Phenotype Antigens and Antibodies

Pk / Anti-P and Anti-P1

p Phenotype Antigens and Antibodies

None / Anti-PP1 Pk (anti-Tja)

Collectively Anti-PP1 Pk is called as?

anti-Tja

What P1PK phenotype is clinically significant and also maybe causing spontaneous abortion?

P null (p) phenotype who has anti-Tja

The Product of P1 gene is an enzyme known as?

galactosyl transferase

Pk Anigen Expression

It is the precursor of P antigen

Pk antigen

Pk antigen is modified by adding what immunodominant sugar to become the P antigen?

N-acetylgalactosamine

GLOB gene produces the enzyme?

N - acetylgalactosaminyl transferase

What other blood group antigen found in secretions like plasma and hydatid cyst fluid (Echinococcus granulosus)

P1 Antigen

it can be used to neutralize the anti-P1 in a patient's sample.

Hydatid cyst fluid - because it contains P1 antigen